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Abstract
Water is a precious resource gifted by Mother Nature for the human being. With rapid growing population the pressure on our water resources is increasing and per capita availability of water resources is reducing day by day. The quality of surface and groundwater resources is also deteriorating because of increasing pollutant loads. The objective of this study consisted is to determinate some physiochemical properties of raw and end water samples from 9 identified intermediate (+2 level) schools of kumaon regions of Uttarakhandand their impact on human health is studied. It is observed that the uptake of water supply in almost all the schools is primarily suffering from bacteriological contamination of water. In addition to this, few schools are found to be contaminated with iron and fluorine Contamination. A wider approach is needed where water issues are looked at with the aim of reducing massive threat to health of students owing to contaminants present in drinking water higher than prescribed limits diseases and improving hygiene. This paper highlights strategies to ensure safe drinking water to the school children of Kumaon regions of Uttarakhand.
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References
- APHA 1995. In: Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. American public health association .USA.
- Brandon, C. and Homman, K. 1995. The cost of inaction: Valuing the economy-wide cost of environmental degradation in India. Asia.
- Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS) 1991.In:Indian standard specification for drinking water IS:10500,New Dehli.
- Department of Drinking Water Supply 2004. In: Technical report. Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India,
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- Kumar, R. Singh, R., D. and Sharma, K., D. 2005. Water resources in India. Curr. Sci.89:794–811.
- Mishra, D., S. 2009. Reviewed paper on Safe drinking water status in the state of Bihar India. Challenges ahead
- Rajiv Gandhi Drinking Water Mission, 2006. In: Guidelines for the National Rural Drinking Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance Programme.
- Senwal N., and Akolkar, P. 2006. Water quality assessment of sacred Himalayan rivers of Uttaranchal. Curr.Sci 91: 4-25.
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References
APHA 1995. In: Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. American public health association .USA.
Brandon, C. and Homman, K. 1995. The cost of inaction: Valuing the economy-wide cost of environmental degradation in India. Asia.
Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS) 1991.In:Indian standard specification for drinking water IS:10500,New Dehli.
Department of Drinking Water Supply 2004. In: Technical report. Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India,
Dobhal, R., Grischek,T., Uniyal, H.P., Uniyal, D.P. and Sandhu,C. 2011. In: Drinking water source,Treatment and Distribution, Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh Dehradun India.
Gadgil., A . 1998 .Drinking water in developing countries.Ann.Rev.Energy Environ,23, 253–286. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.23.1.253
Jain, C. K.,Bandyopadhyay ,A . and Bhadra, A . 2009. Assessment of ground water quality for drinking purpose,DistrictNainital, Uttarakhand, India.EnvironMonit Assess., 166: 663–676. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1031-5
Khurana, I. and Sen,R .2008. In: Water Aid, April [email protected]
Kumar, A., Bisht,B , Joshi., Singh, A. and Talwar ,A. 2010. Physical, Chemical and Bacteriological Study of Water from Rivers of Uttarakhand.J.Hum Ecol., 32(3): 169-173. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09709274.2010.11906336
Kumar, R. Singh, R., D. and Sharma, K., D. 2005. Water resources in India. Curr. Sci.89:794–811.
Mishra, D., S. 2009. Reviewed paper on Safe drinking water status in the state of Bihar India. Challenges ahead
Rajiv Gandhi Drinking Water Mission, 2006. In: Guidelines for the National Rural Drinking Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance Programme.
Senwal N., and Akolkar, P. 2006. Water quality assessment of sacred Himalayan rivers of Uttaranchal. Curr.Sci 91: 4-25.
WHO, Geneva.2004.WHO/UNICEF, Meeting the MDG drinking water and sanitation target: A mid-term assessment of progress,
World Bank. 1999. In: Groundwater and management in India, p. 25.