Main Article Content

Abstract

Comparative breeding experiments were done in Schizothorax richardsonii by using pituitary gland extract (PGE) and stripping technique.  Experiments were conducted for two successive years.  PGE dose administered was 5mg/kg body weight to male fishes and 7 mg/kg to female fishes.  Each dose was administered as two split doses 4 hours apart.  For induced breeding, fecundity ranged from 5,200 to 13,542 eggs per female.  In 15 sets of induced breeding experiments performed over two years, using PGE extract, fertilization success ranged from 78±1.98% to 76.7±2.18% and hatching success ranged from to 63.3±%3.05to 63.9±1.81%.  Stripping experiments yielded similar results with their fertilization ranging from 67.7±3.48% to 64.4±2.67% and hatching ranging from 58.9±3.47% to 57.26±2.8%.  Our results conclude that induced breeding is better than stripping and can be used effectively to breed Schizothorax richardsonii.

Keywords

induced breeding Schizothorax pituitary gland extract

Article Details

How to Cite
Thapliyal, M., Bahuguna, S. N., Chandra, T., & Thapliyal, A. (2012). Induced breeding of snowtrout (Schizothorax richardsonii -Gray), from Garhwal Himalaya (Uttarakhand, India) by pituitary gland extract. Environment Conservation Journal, 13(1&2), 23–29. https://doi.org/10.36953/ECJ.2012.131205

References

  1. Agarwal, N.K. 1989. Studies on the gonadal cycle and spawning ecology of Schizothoraxplagiostomus in Garhwal Himalaya,Sringar Garhwal, India.Dissertation, HNB Garhwal University, India.
  2. Ark S.Y, Chang J., Lek S , Cao W., Brosse S. 2004.Conservation Strategies for Endemic Fish Species Threatened by the Three Gorges Dam. Conservation Biology 17(6):1748-1758. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2003.00430.x
  3. Baloni S.P. and Tilak R. 1985. Ecological observations on Schizothoraxrichardsonii (Gray). Journal of Bombay Natural Historical Society 82(3): 581-585.
  4. Baxter R.M., 1977. Environmental effects of dams and impoundments.Annual Reviews Ecological Systems 8:255-83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.es.08.110177.001351
  5. Breton, B., Govoroun, M., Mikolajezyk, T. 1998.GtH I and GtH II secretion profiles during the reproductive cycle in the female rainbow trout: relationship with pituitary responsiveness to GnRH-A stimulation. General and Comparative Endocrinology 111, 38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/gcen.1998.7088
  6. Chaudhri H and Singh S.B.1985.Induced breeding of Asiatic carps. Project reports p.37 pg AC193/E.
  7. Das S.K., Bhattacharjya B.K. and Sharma K. 1994.Induced spawning and hatching of Tawes, Puntiusjavanicus (Bleeker).Asian Fisheries Science 7:191-194. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33997/j.afs.1994.7.2-3.013
  8. Desai V.R., Shrivastav N.P. and Misra D.N. 1981.Breeding success of major carps in Rihand reservoir (U.P.). International JournalAcademic Ichthyology 2(1):5-11
  9. Dodd J.M. 1960. In Marshalls Physiology of Reproduction. A.S.Parksed. Longmans green, London 1, 417.
  10. Gunkel G., Lange U., Walde D., Rosa J.W.C. 2003.The environmental and operational impacts of Curua-Una, a reservoir in the Amazon region of Para, Brazil. Lakes and Reservoirs: Research and Management 8(3-4):201-216. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1770.2003.00227.x
  11. Heppner C.S., Loague K. 2009.A dam problem: simulated upstream impacts for a Searsville-like watershed. Ecohydrology 1(4):408-424. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.34
  12. Jain S.M. and Jain S.S.L. 1985.Relationship of strippingtime with fertilization adn development in breeding of Labeocalbasu (Ham.).Journal Animal Morphology Physiology 32(1-2):251-252.
  13. Joshi S.N. 1981. Breeding of L.gonius by hormone stimulation. Matsya 7:75-79.
  14. Joshi S.N. and Khanna K.K. 1983.Effect of exogenous chorionic gonadotropin on the spawning of Labeogonius (Ham.).Proceedings of National Academy of Science, India. 53(B), IV: 287-292.
  15. Joshi, S.N. 1987. Fecundity of a snow trout Schizothoraxrichardsonii (Gray and Hard). Proceedings of National Academy of Science, India 57(4):354-360.
  16. Jhingran V.G. 1982. Fish and Fisheries of India.Hindustan Publishing Corporation, Delhi, India.
  17. Kulkarni C.V. and Ogale S.N. 1986.Hypophysation (Induced breeding) of Mahseer, Tor Khudree (sykes).Fisheries Bulletin 10(2):23-26.
  18. Lucas M.C., Bubb D.H., Jang M.H, Ha K., Masters J.E.G. 2009.Availability of and access to critical habitats in regulated rivers: effects of low-head barriers on threatened lampreys. Freshwater Biology 54(3):621-634 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2008.02136.x
  19. Mérona B, Vigouroux R, Tejerina-Garro F.L. 2005.Alteration of Fish Diversity Downstream from Petit-Saut Dam in French Guiana.Implication of Ecological Strategies of Fish Species.Hydrobiologia551(1):33-47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-005-4448-z
  20. Nandeesha M.C, Ramacharya A and Varghese T.L. 1991. Further observations on breeding of carps with ovaprim. Special publication number 6. Asian Fisheries Society, Indian Branch, Mangalore.
  21. Talwar P.K. 1978. Identity of the Schizothoracid fish genus Schizothorax (Heckel 1838), with considerations of the status of Schizothoraichythys. Records of Zoological Survey of India Occasion paper 31: 4.
  22. Trivedi, R. K., and Goyal, P. K. 1986.Chemical and Biological Methods for Water Pollution Studies, Environmental Publications.
  23. New T., Xie Z. 2009.Impacts of large dams on riparian vegetation: applying global experience to the case of China’s Three Gorges Dam. Biodiversity and Conservation 17(13):3149-3163. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-008-9416-2
  24. Pickford G.E. and Atz J.W. 1957.The physiology of the pituitary gland of fish. New York Zoological Society, New York.
  25. Raina, H.S., Vass K.K., Sunder S., Muza U., Langer R.K.1985a.Prospects and problems of snow-trout culture in Kashmir.Zoology Orentalis 2 (1 &2): 24-30.
  26. Raina, H.S., K.K. Vass, S. Sunder, M.J. Bhagat, U. Bali, R.K. Langer 1985b.Observations on production and procurement of seed of schizothoracids fishes in Kashmir.Bulletin for Environmental Sciences 2 (1): 27-33.
  27. Raina, H.S., Sunder S., Vass K.K., Langer R.K. 1986.Artificial breeding and nursery rearing of S.esocinus (Heckel) in Kashmir. Proceedings of National Academy of Science, India. 56(b):335-338.
  28. Rajayalakshmi, T., S.M. Pillai and P. Raviehandram. 1991. Experiments of induced breeding and larval rearing of gray mullets and sea bream at Chilka lake. Journal of Inland Fishieries Society, India 23(1):16-26.
  29. Rath, S.C., Sarkar, S.K., Gupta, S.D., Sarangi, N., 2007. Comparative account in induced breeding of Indian major carps with ovaprim, ovatide, Wova-FH and carp pituitary extract. Indian Journal of Animal Science 77, 1057–1060.
  30. Raizada S.B. 1985. Breeding, development and culture prospectus of Himalayan barbell, Schizothoraxplagiostomus (Heckel).Journal of Bombay Natural History Society 82(4):130-136
  31. Singh W, Agarwal N.K., Singh H.R. 1987. Present status of the snow trout in Garhwal Himalaya. Uttar Pradesh Journal of Zoology. 7(1):85-88
  32. Tilak, R. and Sinha N.K. 1975. A study of fishes of the sub-family Schizothoracinae (Pisces, Cyprinidae). I on the genetic status of Schizothorax (Heckel 1839).Annual Zoology 32(13):289-97
  33. Tripathi Y.R. 1978. Artificial breeding of Tor putitora (Ham.).Journal of Indian Fisheries Society, India 9:161
  34. Tiemann J.S., Gillette D.P., Wildhaber M.L., Edds D.R. 2004. Effects of Low head Dams on Riffle-Dwelling Fishes and Macroinvertebrate in a Midwestern River.Transactions of American Fisheries Society. 133(3):705 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1577/T03-058.1
  35. Vass, K.K., Raina H.S. and Sunder S. 1978. On the breeding behaviur of S.niger from Del lake. Journal of Bombay Natural History Society 76(1):179-184.