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Abstract
India is facing a significant energy crisis due to its rapidly growing population, which is not being met by an equivalent increase in energy supply. According to the US Energy Information Administration, India's electricity consumption is projected to grow by 3.3% annually until 2035. Biogas technology, which converts waste into clean energy, offers a promising solution to this problem and accounts for 9% of global energy consumption. Despite being introduced in 1981, biogas technology's potential in India remains largely untapped, with only 7.34 MWe of off-grid projects generated by 2020. However, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka have significant potential for biogas generation. The National Biogas and Manure Management Program (NBMMP) have installed 5,056,139 biogas plants between 1981-82 and 2020-21, with Maharashtra being the top performer. India's agrarian economy provides ample raw materials for biogas generation, making it a crucial renewable resource for the country's energy crisis. Given the pressing need to address global warming, greenhouse effects, depleting fossil fuels, and pollution, biogas technology is essential for a cleaner, more sustainable future. Focusing on biogas technology can help India meet its increasing energy demands and contribute to a cleaner and more sustainable future. From 2018-19 to 2020-21, the NBMMP received a total allocation of INR 1,439,249,000.
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References
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- Yu, L., Yaoqiu, K., Ningsheng, H., Zhifeng, W., & Lianzhong, X. (2008). Popularizing household-scale biogas digesters for rural sustainable energy development and greenhouse gas mitigation. Renewable Energy, 33(9), 2027-2035. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2007.12.004
References
Gautam, R., Baral, S., & Herat, S. (2009). Biogas as a sustainable energy source in Nepal: Present status and future challenges. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 13(1), 248-252. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2007.07.006
Hazarika, S., Barooah, M. J., Dutta, P. K., & Rajkhowa, P. (2015). Enriched biogas slurry: a potential source of nutrients for organic farming. Akshay Urja, October, 26-29.
Khoiyangbam, R. S. (2011). Environmental implications of biomethanation in conventional biogas plants. Iranian (Iranica) Journal of Energy & Environment, 2(2).
Liu, G., Lucas, M., & Shen, L. (2008). Rural household energy consumption and its impacts on eco-environment in Tibet: Taking Taktse county as an example. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 12(7), 1890-1908. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2007.03.008
Milieu en Natuur Planbureau, & Shukla, P. R. (2007). Biomass energy strategies for aligning development and climate goals in India. MNP.
Minde, G., Magdum, S., & Kalyanraman, V. (2013). Biogas as a sustainable alternative for current energy need of India. Journal of Sustainable Energy & Environment, 4, 121-132.
Mittal, S., Ahlgren, E. O., & Shukla, P. R. (2018). Barriers to biogas dissemination in India: A review. Energy Policy, 112, 361-370. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2017.10.027
Nasery, V., & Rao, A. (2011). Biogas for rural communities. Center for Technology Alternatives for Rural
Areas, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay. Available at: www. cse. iitb. ac. in/~ sohoni/past TDSL/BiogasOptions. pdf (Accessed: 31 May 2012).
Omer, A. M. (2017). Advanced in Biomass and Biogas Energy. Current Trends in Biomedical Engineering & Biosciences, 11(1), 21-33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19080/CTBEB.2018.11.555804
Pathak, H., Jain, N., Bhatia, A., Mohanty, S., & Gupta, N. (2009). Global warming mitigation potential of biogas plants in India. Environmental monitoring and assessment, 157, 407-418. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-008-0545-6
Rajendran, K., Aslanzadeh, S., & Taherzadeh, M. J. (2012). Household biogas digesters—A review. Energies, 5(8), 2911-2942. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en5082911
Rao, P. S. C., Miller, J. B., Wang, Y. D., & Byrne, J. B. (2009). Energy-microfinance intervention for below poverty line households in India. Energy policy, 37(5), 1694-1712. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.039
Sharma, S., & Nema, B. P. (2013). Applicability of biogas technology in rural development and greenhouse gas mitigation. International Journal of ChemTech Research, 5(2), 747-752.
Yu, L., Yaoqiu, K., Ningsheng, H., Zhifeng, W., & Lianzhong, X. (2008). Popularizing household-scale biogas digesters for rural sustainable energy development and greenhouse gas mitigation. Renewable Energy, 33(9), 2027-2035. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2007.12.004