Article Sidebar

Submitted
May 2, 2023
Accepted
August 14, 2023
Published
November 12, 2023
Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 65 Download : 40

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Main Article Content

Abstract

A field experiment to diversify the rice‒wheat system to increase employment and income was conducted during 2017-18 at the research farm of CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalaya Palampur with eight cropping systems that were replicated four times. One-year results revealed that the highest rice grain yield (16477 kg/ha), net returns (₹ 219828/ha) and marginal returns (₹80946) were recorded from the rice – palak – cucumber sequence. Okra – radish – onion resulted in maximum food availability (55.16 kg/ha/day), whereas employment generation was maximum from rice – lettuce – potato + coriander (102.91%). In terms of carbohydrate yield (5146 kg/ha), protein yield (640.6 kg/ha) and energy equivalent (23919 MJ/ha), it was highest from the rice – wheat sequence; however, in the case of carbohydrate and energy equivalent, it was on par with rice – lettuce – potato + coriander.


 

Keywords

Carbohydrate and protein yield Employment generation Food availability Income Marginal returns

Article Details

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Environment Conservation Journal

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

How to Cite
Mandial, A., Negi, S. C., Kaur, P., & Kaur, N. (2023). Performance of different rice-based cropping systems in the wet temperate zone of Himachal Pradesh. Environment Conservation Journal, 24(4), 248–253. https://doi.org/10.36953/ECJ.23332603
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC

References

  1. Ayyappan, S., Adhya, T. K.,& Sinhababu, D. P. (2009). Conservation agriculture: Rice–fish farming systems for sustaining food, nutrition and environmental security. In: Innovations for improving efficiency, equity and environment. Fourth World Congress on Conservation AgricultureNew Delhi, India,63-66.
  2. Babu, S., Singh, R., Avasthe, R. K., Yadav, G. S.,& Rajkhowa, D. J. (2016). Intensification of maize (Zea mays) –based cropping sequence in rainfed ecosystem of Sikkim Himalayas for improving system productivity, profitability, employment generation and energy-use efficiency under organic management condition. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,86 (6), 778-84. DOI: https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v86i6.58980
  3. Chitale, S., Sarawgi, S. K., Tiwari, A.,& Urkurkar, J. S.(2011). Assessment of productivity and profitability of different rice (Oryza sativa) –based cropping systems in Chhattisgarh plains. Indian Journal of Agronomy,56(4), 305-10.
  4. Choudhary, V. K., Kumar, S., Sarkar, S. K.,& Yadav, J. S. (2013). Production potential, economic analysis and energy auditing for maize (Zea mays)–vegetable based cropping systems in Eastern Himalayan Region, Arunachal Pradesh. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,83(1), 110-5.
  5. Dhiman, M.(2010). Productivity profitability and apparent nutrient balance under different crop sequence in mid hill condition. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,80(5), 420–2.
  6. Keating, B. A., Carberry, P. S., Bindraban. P. S., Asseng, S., Meinke, H.,& Dixon, J. (2010).Eco-efficient agriculture: Concepts, challenges, and opportunities.Crop science,50(1), 109-119. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2009.10.0594
  7. Prasad,D., Yadav, M. S., & Singh, C. S.(2013). Diversification of rice (Oryza sativa)-based cropping systems for higher productivity, profitability and resource-use efficiency under irrigated ecosystem of Jharkhand. Indian Journal of Agronomy,58(3), 264-70.
  8. Samir, K. C., Wurzerb, M., Speringerb, M.& Lutz, W. (2018).Future population and human capital inheterogeneous India.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,115(33), 8328-8333. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1722359115
  9. Sarkar, S. (2015). Management practices for enhancing fertilizer use efficiency under rice‒wheat cropping system in the Indo-Gangetic Plains. Innovare Journal of Agricultural Science,3(2), 5-10.
  10. Sharma, S. K., Rana, S. S., Sharma, S., Subehia, S. K., Sharma, J. J.,& Sharma, H. L.(2008). Production potential and economic feasibility of rice-based cropping sequences on cultivator’s fields under submountain low-hills of Himachal Pradesh. Himachal Journal of Agricultural Research,34, 5-9.
  11. Singh, K., Bohra, J. S., Singh, T. K., Singh, J. P., Singh, Y.& Singh, C. S.(2007). Productivity and economics of integrated farming system in irrigated agro-eco-system of eastern Uttar Pradesh. Indian Journal Agronomy,52(1), 13-5.
  12. Singh, V. K.,& Sharma, B. B.(2002). Economic evaluation of rice (Oryza sativa)-based cropping sequences in foot hills of Himalayas. Indian Journal of Agronomy,47, 12-19.
  13. Tilman, D., Balzer, C., Hill, J.,& Befort, B. L. (2011).Global food demand and the sustainable intensification of agriculture. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,108(50), 20260-20264. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1116437108