Main Article Content
Abstract
Quality of fodder seeds can be maintained by seed treatment for better production and productivity. It refers to the application of specific physical, chemical, or biological agents to the seed prior to sowing in order to suppress, control, or repel pathogens, insects, and other pests that attack seeds, seedlings, or plants. In this study, the efficient seed and chemical metering system for fodder seed treatment was designed which can be used in different seed coating/treatment machine. Seed metering mechanism was calibrated mechanically and manually at four positions (Full, 3/4th, Half, and 1/4th openings). For manual calibration, it was observed between 0.19 kg/s to 1.08 kg/s for Berseem seeds and 0.15 kg/s to 1.00 kg/s for Cowpea seeds. For mechanical calibration, it was observed between 0.24 kg/s to 1.17 kg/s for Berseem seeds and 0.11 kg/s to 1.04 kg/s for Cowpea seeds. Designed system is useful in developing high capacity, efficient and cost effective seed treaters for treatment/coating of fodder seeds as well as other crop seeds.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Environment Conservation Journal
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References
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- Satankar, M., Patil, A. K., Kautkar S. & Kumar U. (2020). Pearl Millet: A Fundamental Review on Underutilized Source of Nutrition. Multilogic In Science, 34(10):1081-1084.
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- Shiddanagoudayadachi, Indramani, Reddy, M. & Kiran nagajjanavar. (2012). Development of seed coating technology for carrot seed, Environment &Ecology, 30 (3a): 798—801.
- Sharma, K. K., Singh, U.S., Sharma, P., Kumar, A. & Sharma, L.(2015). Seed treatments for sustainable agriculture-A review. Journal of Applied and Natural Science,7(1):521 – 539. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v7i1.641
- Singh, S. K., Kautkar,S. & Patil, A.K. (2021). Impact of engineering properties of grass seeds in developing postharvest operations and machineries. Environment Conservation Journal,22(3):395-399. Doi: https://doi.org/10.36953/ECJ.2021.22345 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36953/ECJ.2021.22345
- Singh,S. K., Kautkar,S., Pathak,P.K. &Patil,A. K. (2022a). Moisture Dependent Physical Properties Assessment of Deenanath Grass Seeds. Eco. Env. & Cons.,28(2):185-190. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53550/EEC.2022.v28i02.025
- Singh,S. K., Patil,A. K., Kautkar,S., Dwivedi,P. N. &Singh,A. K. (2022b). Development and performance evaluation of evaporative cool hydroponic fodder production chamber. Range Mgmt. & Agroforestry,43(1): 132-138 DOI: https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2021/v40i2231474
- Vision (2050). Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi (www.igfri.res.in).
- Yadav, V. K. (2018). Improved seed production technologies for important fodder crops and grasses with notified varieties/ for different agroclimatic conditions/zones. Extension manual.
- Yehia. (2008). Factors affecting the design of coating Machine for crop seeds.Process engineering. Misr J. Ag. Eng.,25(1): 147- 159.
- Zhou J., Deng B., Zhang Y., Cobb A. B., & Zhang Z. (2017). Molybdate in Rhizobial Seed-Coat Formulations Improves the Production and Nodulation of Alfalfa. PLoS ONE, 12(1): e0170179. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0170179. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0170179
References
Annual Report. (2020). Basic Animal Husbandry Statristics. Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying, Government of India. New Delhi.
Anonymous. (2021). TNAU agri portal. http://agritech.tnau. ac.in
Annual Report. (2018). Department of agricultural cooperation and farmers welfare, Govt. of India. http://agricoop.nic.in/
Anonymous, (2022). Coating.co.in http://www.coatings.co.in/ seed-coating/.
Bryant, T.B. & Taylor,S.V. (2021). Efficacy of select insecticide seed treatments and in-furrow applications for managing the brown stink bug, Euschistusservus (Say) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), in seedling maize. Crop Protection,(143), 105535,ISSN 0261-2194, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2021.105535. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2021.105535
Copeland, L.O., Ruppel, R. F., Maddex, R.L. & Wiese M.V. (1978). “Seed treatment for field crops”. Extension bulleti, MSU.
Gupta, G., Singh, S. K., Patil, A. K., Pathak, P.K. and Dwivedi, P.N. (2021). Optimization of seed rate and soaking period of fodder maize under evaporative cooling based hydroponic structure in semi-arid climatic condition. Theme Climate Resilient Agriculture and Ecosystem Services. Extended Summaries: 5th International Agronomy Congress, PJTSAU, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. November 23-27, 2021, 1: 3-5.
Johnson,E. N., Miller,P. R., Blackshaw,R. E., Gan,Y., Harker,K. N.,Clayton,G.W., Kephart,K. D., Wichman,D. M., Topinka,K. &Kirkland,K. J. (2004). Seeding date and polymer seed coating effects on plant establishment and yield of fall-seeded canola in the Northern Great Plains. Canadian Journal of Plant Science,p:955-963. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4141/P04-005
Kapoor, A., Srinivasan, R., Kumar, A., Patil, A. K., Kumar, S., Bijilakshmi, Y., Prabhu, G., Prasad, M., Saini, R. P., Choudhary, M., Srivastava, R. & Mishra M. (2022). Manipulating oat rhizosphere with plant growth promoting microorganisms for enhancing nutrient use efficiency and fodder production. p165. Innovations in forage and livestock sector for enhancing entrepreneurship and farm productivity: Souvenir cum abstracts of Nationalsymposium, November 1-3, 2022, Jhansi, India,
Range Management Society of India, Jhansi, UP, India pp 270.
Patil, A. K., Satankar, M., Kautkar, S. & Raj, R. (2020). Cloud Point Extraction: A Novel Approach for Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Fruit and Vegetable Waste. Chemical Science Review and Letters, 34(9): 324-328.
Patil, A. K., Sahay, C. S. & Singh, S. K. (2021). Design and testing of sensor-based setup for precision seed treatment. Theme- Conservation Agricultural, Smart Mechanization and Energy Use. Extended Summary: 5th International Agronomy Congress, PJTSAU, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. November 23-27, 2021, 1, 514-515.
Patil, A. K., Sahay, C. S. & Singh, S. K. (2022a). Development and evaluation of seed treatment machine. p213. Innovations in forage and livestock sector for enhancing entrepreneurship and farm productivity: Souvenir cum abstracts of National symposium, November 1-3, 2022, Jhansi, India, Range Management Society of India, Jhansi, UP, India pp 270.
Patil, A. K., Patil, A., Satankar, M. & Singh, S. K. (2022b). Agricultural Practices and Farm Mechanization in Betul (MP): An Economic Perspective. Book Bazooka Publication ISBN: 978-93-91363-14-7 pp182.
Patil, A. K., Singh, N., Singha, P. S., Satankar, M., Kautkar, S., Singh, S. K. & Pathak P. K. (2023). Engineering Interventions for Climate-Resilient Forage Production. In: Singhal, R.K., Ahmed, S., Pandey, S., Chand, S. (eds) Molecular Interventions for Developing Climate-Smart Crops: A Forage Perspective. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1858-4_12 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1858-4_12
Satankar, M., Patil, A. K., Kautkar S. & Kumar U. (2020). Pearl Millet: A Fundamental Review on Underutilized Source of Nutrition. Multilogic In Science, 34(10):1081-1084.
Sahay, C. S., Thorat, D. S., Kautkar, S. S., Patil, A. K., Pathak, P. K. (2023). Grass seed harvesting – Methods, machines and aspects. Res. Jr. Agril. Sci.14(2): 512-515
Shiddanagoudayadachi, Indramani, Reddy, M. & Kiran nagajjanavar. (2012). Development of seed coating technology for carrot seed, Environment &Ecology, 30 (3a): 798—801.
Sharma, K. K., Singh, U.S., Sharma, P., Kumar, A. & Sharma, L.(2015). Seed treatments for sustainable agriculture-A review. Journal of Applied and Natural Science,7(1):521 – 539. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v7i1.641
Singh, S. K., Kautkar,S. & Patil, A.K. (2021). Impact of engineering properties of grass seeds in developing postharvest operations and machineries. Environment Conservation Journal,22(3):395-399. Doi: https://doi.org/10.36953/ECJ.2021.22345 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36953/ECJ.2021.22345
Singh,S. K., Kautkar,S., Pathak,P.K. &Patil,A. K. (2022a). Moisture Dependent Physical Properties Assessment of Deenanath Grass Seeds. Eco. Env. & Cons.,28(2):185-190. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53550/EEC.2022.v28i02.025
Singh,S. K., Patil,A. K., Kautkar,S., Dwivedi,P. N. &Singh,A. K. (2022b). Development and performance evaluation of evaporative cool hydroponic fodder production chamber. Range Mgmt. & Agroforestry,43(1): 132-138 DOI: https://doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2021/v40i2231474
Vision (2050). Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi (www.igfri.res.in).
Yadav, V. K. (2018). Improved seed production technologies for important fodder crops and grasses with notified varieties/ for different agroclimatic conditions/zones. Extension manual.
Yehia. (2008). Factors affecting the design of coating Machine for crop seeds.Process engineering. Misr J. Ag. Eng.,25(1): 147- 159.
Zhou J., Deng B., Zhang Y., Cobb A. B., & Zhang Z. (2017). Molybdate in Rhizobial Seed-Coat Formulations Improves the Production and Nodulation of Alfalfa. PLoS ONE, 12(1): e0170179. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0170179. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0170179