Main Article Content
Abstract
The evaluation of different mango varieties was conducted during 2019-20 and 2020-21. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design (RBD) with four varieties, namely, Ambika, Pusa Arunima, Kesar, and Dashehari-51, each replicated three times. The plants were spaced at 4x4 m intervals. The results obtained demonstrated significant variations in various parameters, ranging from minimum to maximum values. The canopy spread ranged from 1.77 to 7.49 m, stem girth from 16.67 to 40 cm, number of fruits per plant from 21 to 118, fruit length from 92.04 to 123.28 mm, fruit width from 56.02 to 77.41 mm, and fruit weight from 202 to 591 g. However, the number of primary branches (2-3) and plant height (1.54-4.35 m) were found to be nonsignificant. Based on the morpho-economic traits, Pusa Arunima appeared to be a superior variety in terms of tree morpho-economic traits, while others were considered moderate. Considering the average number of fruits per plant and fruit weight (g) over a two-year period, Pusa Arunima clearly outperformed the other three varieties in terms of yield. Furthermore, Pusa Arunima, Kesar, and Ambika exhibited more marketable fruit traits. These findings emphasize the significant diversity among the examined mango cultivars. Therefore, it is crucial to protect and preserve these valuable genetic resources for future breeding programs aimed at developing novel and commercially viable cultivars.
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References
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References
Adikshita, I. M., Sharma, M. and Kishore, S. (2018). Use of plant water extracts and biocontrol agents for postharvest management of mango anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. J Krishi Vigyan, 7(Special Issue):163-168. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5958/2349-4433.2018.00180.0
Anonymous. (2020). National Horticulture Board, Indian Horticulture Database. Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India. http://www.agricoop.nic.in
Azam, K., Mir, H., Kumar, R. and Ahmad, F. (2018). Study on flowering behavior of elite mango cultivars in subtropical conditions of Bihar. International Journal Chemical Studies, 6(2):2913-2917.
Bhalekar, S. G., Chalak, S. U., and Badgugar, C. D. (2016). Performance of exotic mango cultivars under Pune conditions. J Krishi Vigyan, 5(1):88-91. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5958/2349-4433.2016.00041.6
Dambreville, A., Normand, F. and Lauri, P-E. (2013). Plant growth co-ordination in natura: an un unique temperature-controlled law among vegetative and reproductive organs in mango. Functional Plant Biology, 40:280-291. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/FP12243
Davenport, T. L., and Nunez-Elisea, R. (1997). Reproductive physiology. In R. E. Litz (Ed.), The Mango; Botany, Production and Uses (pp. 69-146). CAB International.
Davenport, T. L. (2003). Management of flowering in three tropical and subtropical fruit tree species. Hortscience, 38:1331-1335. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.38.7.1331
Dey, S., and Singh, M. P. (2004). Biological approaches for the conservation of plantation crops. In Bioresources and
Genepool Conservation (pp. 235-237). Daya Publishing House.
Gomez, K. A. and Gomez, A. A. (1984). Statistical procedures for agricultural research. John Wiley & Sons.
Harada, T., Kurahashi, W., Yanai, M., Wakasa, Y. and Satoh, T. (2005). Involvement of cell proliferation and cell enlargement in increasing the fruit size of Malus species. Scientia Horticulturae, 105(4):447-456. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2005.02.006
IPGRI 2006. Descriptors for mango (Mangifera indica L.) International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome. 1-71.
Joshi, R., Kundu, M. and Singh, C. P. (2013). Morphological characters: Efficient tool for identification on different mango cultivars. Environment and Ecology, 31(1A):385-388.
Léchaudel, M., Joas, J., Caro, Y., Génard, M. and Jannoyer, M. (2005). Leaf: fruit ratio and irrigation supply affect seasonal changes in minerals, organic acids and sugars of mango fruit. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 85(2):251-260. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.1968
Murti, G.S.R., and Upreti, K.K. (2000). Changes in the level of endogenous hormones in relation to shoot vigor in mango (Mangifera indica L.). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 25(2):167-171.
Sankar, J., Rosaiah, G., Kurapati, R.K. and Pinnamaneni, R. (2011). Molecular Identification of mango, Mangifera indica L. var. Totupura. Bioinformation, 5:405-409. DOI: https://doi.org/10.6026/97320630005405
Singh, A., Singh, C.P. and Singh, A.K. (2015). Flowering behavior of mango genotypes under Tarai conditions of Uttarakhand. International Journal of Basic and Applied Agricultural Research, 13(3).
Singh A. R. and Singh N. D. (1996). Studies on bloom biology and pollination in mango (Mangifera indica L.). Recent Horticultura, 3:4-7.
Spreer, W., Ongprasert, S., Hegele, M., Wünsche, J.N. and Müller, J. (2009). Yield and fruit development in mango (Mangifera indica L. cv. Chok Anan) under different irrigation regimes. Agric. Water Manage. 96:574-584. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2008.09.020
Stanley, C. J., Stokes, J. R. and Tustin, D. S. (2000). Early prediction of apple fruit size using environmental indicators. In VII International Symposium on Orchard and Plantation Systems 557 (pp. 441-446). DOI: https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2001.557.59
Subramanyam, H., Krishnamurthy, S. and Parpia, H. A. B. (1975). Physiology and biochemistry of mango fruit. Advances in Food Research, 21:223–305 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2628(08)60092-0
Sukhvibul, N., Whiley, A.W. and Smith, M.K., Hetherington, S.E. and Vithanage, V. (1999). Effect of temperature on inflorescence development and sex expression of mono- and poly-embryonic mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivars. J. Hort. Science & Biotechn.74:64-68. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.1999.11511073
Tjiptono, P., Lam, P. E. and Mendoza, D. B. Jr. (1984). Status of the mango industry in ASEAN in mango. ASEAN Food Handling Bureau, pp. 1–11.
Urban, L., Le Roux, X., Sinoquet, H., Jaffuel, S. and Jannoyer, M. (2003). A biochemical model of photosynthesis for mango leaves: evidence for an effect of the fruit on the photosynthetic capacity of nearby leaves. Tree Physiol. 23:289-300. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/23.5.289
Westwood, M. and Blaney, L. (1963). Non-Climatic Factors Affecting the Shape of Apple Fruits. Nature. 200:802–803. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/200802a0