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Abstract
Wild species constitute a source of valuable genes for many adverse climatic conditions, disease and pests. To match up the level of quick depleting insect pest and disease resistance and fast evolving pests, it is the urge of the hour to broaden the resistance base. In order to achieve this goal in cotton, wide hybridization was performed between G. hirsutum (AADD) cv. MCU5, CO14 and CO17, and G. armourianum and interspecific hybrids developed were characterized for several morphological characters for obtaining an idea about the status of the various traits. Interspecific hybrid developed with all three G. hirsutum varieties are potential lines for future introgression programs of insect and disease resistance along with other useful traits. The F1 hybrid displayed intermediate expression for most of the traits. Traits like colour of the stem, leaf colour, position of stigma, nectarines of hybrid completely resembled wild parent-and are considered as dominant in expression. The petal spot was present in the hybrid similar to that wild parent, unlike the cultivated parent; this appeared with different levels of intensity in F1 along with other characters like colour of the anther, and filament colour. Hybrids had profuse flowering throughout the year with low pollen load and pollen of variable shape and size expressing sterility to partial fertility. Noteworthy differentiation was seen between the leaf size and size of other plant parts of the hybrid.
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References
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- Manickam, S. and Prakash, A.H.2014. Interspecific hybridization between Gossypium hirsutumand G armourianum: Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Hybrids. Cotton Res. J., 6(1): 7-12
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- Mehetre, S. S., Patil, S. D., and Gawande, V. L. (2002). Introgression of disease and pest resistance from wild to cultivated species of Gossypium-a review. J. Cot. Res. Dev, 16, 178-181.
- Muthuraj, M., Mahalingam, L., Premalatha, N., Senguttuvan, K., and Kumar, M. (2019). F1 Interspecific hybridity confirmation in cotton through morphological, cytological and molecular analysis. Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 10(2), 862-873. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5958/0975-928X.2019.00113.3
- Narayanan, S. S., Vidyasagar, P., and Babu, K. S. (2014). Cotton germplasm in India–new trends. World Cotton Germplasm Resources, 87. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5772/58622
- Pushpam, R., and Raveendran, T. S. (2006). Production of interspecific hybrids between Gossypium hirsutum and Jassid resistant wild species G. raimondii and G. armourianum. Cytologia, 71(4), 407-418. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.71.407
- Saravanan, N. A., Ram S.G., Thiruvengadam V., Ravikesavan R. and Raveendran T.S. (2007).Production and Fertility Restoration of an Interspecific Hybrid between Gossypium hirsutumL. andG. raimondii. Cytologia, 72(2): 195-203. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.72.195
- Tahir, M. S., and Noor, U. I. K. (2011). Development of an interspecific hybrid (Triploid) by crossing Gossypium hirsutum and G. arboreum. Cytologia, 76(2), 193-199. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.76.193
References
Ahmad, S., Mahmood, K., Hanif, M., Nazeer, W., Malik, W., Qayyum, A., Hanif, K., Mahmood, A. and Islam, N (2011). Introgression of cotton leaf curl virus-resistant genes from Asiatic cotton (Gossypium arboreum) into upland cotton (G. hirsutum). Genet. Mol. Res, 10(4), 2404-2414. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4238/2011.October.7.2
Ahuja, S. L., &Dhayal, L. S. (2007). Comparative characteristics and gene action in three petal-spotted mutants of Gossypium hirsutum. Journal of Genetics, 86(1), 81-84. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12041-007-0012-0
Blaise, D., and Kranthi, K. R. (2019). Cotton production in India. Cotton production, 193-215. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119385523.ch10
Doak, C. C. (1934). A new technique in cotton hybridizing: Suggested changes in existing methods of emasculating and bagging cotton flowers. Journal of Heredity, 25(5), 201-204. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a103922
Gotmare, V., Singh, P., and Tule, B. N. (2000). Wild and cultivated species of cotton. Technical Bulletin from CICR (www.cicr.org.in). Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur
Kaur, H., Pathak, D., and Rathore, P. (2016). Development and characterization of an interspecific Gossypium hirsutum x Gossypium armourianum hybrid. Appl. Biol. Res, 18(2), 146-154. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-4517.2016.00023.9
Kebede, H., Burow, G., Dani, R. G., and Allen, R. D. (2007). A-genome cotton as a source of genetic variability for Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 54(4), 885-895. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-006-9157-6
Liu Q., Chen Y., Wang Y., Chen J., Zhang T. and ZhouB. (2015). A New Synthetic Allotetraploid (A1A1G2G2) between Gossypium herbaceumand G. australe: bridging for simultaneously transferring favorable genes from these two diploid species into upland cotton. PLOS one, 10(4). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0123209
Mahalingam, L., Premalatha, N., Senguttuvan, K., Latha, P., & Kumar, M. (2020). Development and Characterization of Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium armourianum Interspecific Hybrids. International journal of current microbiology and applied sciences, 9(12), 3211-3221. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2020.912.382
Manickam, S. and Prakash, A.H.2014. Interspecific hybridization between Gossypium hirsutumand G armourianum: Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Hybrids. Cotton Res. J., 6(1): 7-12
Manisha, K., Mehetre, S.S., Gahukar, S., Shinde, G. and Patil, V. 2007. Cyto-morphological andRAPD analysis of F1, F2 and BC1 generations of a cross Gossypium arboreumx Gossypiumthurberi. Cytologia, 60: 379-388. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00087114.2007.10797962
Mehetre, S. S., Patil, S. D., and Gawande, V. L. (2002). Introgression of disease and pest resistance from wild to cultivated species of Gossypium-a review. J. Cot. Res. Dev, 16, 178-181.
Muthuraj, M., Mahalingam, L., Premalatha, N., Senguttuvan, K., and Kumar, M. (2019). F1 Interspecific hybridity confirmation in cotton through morphological, cytological and molecular analysis. Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 10(2), 862-873. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5958/0975-928X.2019.00113.3
Narayanan, S. S., Vidyasagar, P., and Babu, K. S. (2014). Cotton germplasm in India–new trends. World Cotton Germplasm Resources, 87. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5772/58622
Pushpam, R., and Raveendran, T. S. (2006). Production of interspecific hybrids between Gossypium hirsutum and Jassid resistant wild species G. raimondii and G. armourianum. Cytologia, 71(4), 407-418. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.71.407
Saravanan, N. A., Ram S.G., Thiruvengadam V., Ravikesavan R. and Raveendran T.S. (2007).Production and Fertility Restoration of an Interspecific Hybrid between Gossypium hirsutumL. andG. raimondii. Cytologia, 72(2): 195-203. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.72.195
Tahir, M. S., and Noor, U. I. K. (2011). Development of an interspecific hybrid (Triploid) by crossing Gossypium hirsutum and G. arboreum. Cytologia, 76(2), 193-199. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.76.193