Main Article Content
Abstract
Protease enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of protein. Among the various proteases, bacterial proteases are most significant when compared with animal and fungal proteases. In the present study a protease producing bacteria were isolated from soil collected from Govt. Holkar Science College, Indore campus and identified as Bacillus spp. They were grown within a temperature range between 25°C & 45 °C and pH range of 6.0 to 11.0. The optimum condition for protease production obtained was 35 °C at pH 9. The best carbon and organic nitrogen sources for this bacterial strain were fructose and yeast extract, respectively, while the most effective inorganic nitrogen sources was urea. It is envisaged that the isolate can be a potential source of alkaline protease for use as additive in industrial applications like detergent industry.
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References
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- Anwar, A. and Saleemuddin, M., 1998. Alkaline proteases: A review. Bioresour. Technol. 6: 175-183. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(97)00182-X
- Chi, Z. and Zhao, S., 2003. Enzyme Microb. Technol., 33:206-221 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0229(03)00119-4
- Ellaiah, P., Srinivasulu, B. and Adinarayana, K., 2002. A review on microbial alkaline proteases. Journal of Science and industrial Research 61: 690-704.
- George, S., Raju, V., Krishnan, M.R.V., Subramanian, T.V. and Jayaraman, K., 1995. Production of protease by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in solidstate fermentation and its application in the unhairing of hides and skins. Process Biochem. 30: 457-462. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0032-9592(94)00034-4
- Godfray, T.A., Reichelt, J., 1985. Industrial enzymology: The application of enzymes in industry. TheNature Press, London.
- Gouda, M.K., 2006. Optimization and purification of alkaline proteases produced by marine Bacillus sp. MIG newly isolated from eastern harbor of Alexandria. Polish Journal of Microbiology 55: 119-126.
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- Hagihara, B., Mastsubara, H., Nakai, M. and Okunuki , 1958. J. Biochem (Tokyo), 185-194 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a126856
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- Kumar, A., Sachdev, A., Balasubramanyam, S.D.; Saxena, A.K. and Lata, A. 2002. Optimization of conditions for production of neutral and alkaline protease from species of Bacillus and Pseudomonas. Ind. J. Microbiol. 42: 233-236.
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- Kumar, C.G. and Tagaki, H., 1999. Biotechnol.Adv., 17: 561-594 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0734-9750(99)00027-0
- Kumar, P.P.K. Mathivanan, V. Karunakaran, M. Renganathan, S. and Sreenivasan, R.S., 2008. Studies on the effects of pH and incubation period on protease production by Bacillus spp. Using groundnut cake and wheat bran. Indian Journal of Science Technology 1(4): 1-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2008/v1i4.2
- Mohen, F.N. Dileep, D. and Deepthi D., 2005. Potential application of protease isolated from Pseudomonas auriginosa PD100. Biotechnol. Ind. 8: 197-203. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2225/vol8-issue2-fulltext-5
- Pastor, M.D. Lorda, G.S. and Baltti, A., 2001. Protease obtention using Bacillus substills 3411 and amaranth seed meal medium at different aeration ratio. Braz. J. Microbiol. 32: 1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-83822001000100002
- Sen, S. and Satyanarayana, T., 1993. Optimization of alkaline protease production by thermophilic Bacillus licheniformis S4O. Indian. J Microbiol. 33: 4347
- Ward, O.P., 1985. Proteolytic enzymes. In: Comprehensive Biotechnology (Moo Young ed.): Pergamon press, NewYork. pp 784- 818.
References
Adinarayana, K. and Ellaiah, P., 2002. J. Pharm. Pharmaceut. Sci., 5: 272-278
Anwar, A. and Saleemuddin, M., 1998. Alkaline proteases: A review. Bioresour. Technol. 6: 175-183. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(97)00182-X
Chi, Z. and Zhao, S., 2003. Enzyme Microb. Technol., 33:206-221 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0229(03)00119-4
Ellaiah, P., Srinivasulu, B. and Adinarayana, K., 2002. A review on microbial alkaline proteases. Journal of Science and industrial Research 61: 690-704.
George, S., Raju, V., Krishnan, M.R.V., Subramanian, T.V. and Jayaraman, K., 1995. Production of protease by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in solidstate fermentation and its application in the unhairing of hides and skins. Process Biochem. 30: 457-462. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0032-9592(94)00034-4
Godfray, T.A., Reichelt, J., 1985. Industrial enzymology: The application of enzymes in industry. TheNature Press, London.
Gouda, M.K., 2006. Optimization and purification of alkaline proteases produced by marine Bacillus sp. MIG newly isolated from eastern harbor of Alexandria. Polish Journal of Microbiology 55: 119-126.
Gupta, R., Beg, Q.K. and Lorenz, P., 2002. Bacterial alkaline proteases: Molecular approaches and industrial application. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 59: 15-32. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-002-0975-y
Hagihara, B., Mastsubara, H., Nakai, M. and Okunuki , 1958. J. Biochem (Tokyo), 185-194 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a126856
Haulon, G.W., Hodges N.A. and Russell, A.D., 1982. The influence of glucose, ammonium and magnesium availability on the production of protease and bacitracin by Bacillus licheniformis. J. General Microbiol., 128: 845-851 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-128-4-845
Helmann, J.D., 1995. Compilation and analysis of Bacillus subtilis SAdependent promotes sequences: evidence for extended contact between RNA polymerase and upstream promotes DNA. Nucl. Acids Res. 23: 2351-2360. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/23.13.2351
Kumar, A., Sachdev, A., Balasubramanyam, S.D.; Saxena, A.K. and Lata, A. 2002. Optimization of conditions for production of neutral and alkaline protease from species of Bacillus and Pseudomonas. Ind. J. Microbiol. 42: 233-236.
Kumar, C.G. and Hiroshi, T., 1999. Microbial alkaline protease from a bioindustrial vino point. Biotechnol. Adv. 17: 561-594.
Kumar, C.G. and Tagaki, H., 1999. Biotechnol.Adv., 17: 561-594 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0734-9750(99)00027-0
Kumar, P.P.K. Mathivanan, V. Karunakaran, M. Renganathan, S. and Sreenivasan, R.S., 2008. Studies on the effects of pH and incubation period on protease production by Bacillus spp. Using groundnut cake and wheat bran. Indian Journal of Science Technology 1(4): 1-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2008/v1i4.2
Mohen, F.N. Dileep, D. and Deepthi D., 2005. Potential application of protease isolated from Pseudomonas auriginosa PD100. Biotechnol. Ind. 8: 197-203. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2225/vol8-issue2-fulltext-5
Pastor, M.D. Lorda, G.S. and Baltti, A., 2001. Protease obtention using Bacillus substills 3411 and amaranth seed meal medium at different aeration ratio. Braz. J. Microbiol. 32: 1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-83822001000100002
Sen, S. and Satyanarayana, T., 1993. Optimization of alkaline protease production by thermophilic Bacillus licheniformis S4O. Indian. J Microbiol. 33: 4347
Ward, O.P., 1985. Proteolytic enzymes. In: Comprehensive Biotechnology (Moo Young ed.): Pergamon press, NewYork. pp 784- 818.