Main Article Content

Abstract

Fly ash (FA) F low reactivity, slow hydration reaction and low early strength, restricted its industrial usage to less than 25 wt %. Ash properties were modified by mechanical activation to achieve higher added value product. The activation depends on the equipment type and their particle size range of milling. This paper reviewed the milling equipment effect on particle size, surface properties, and chemical compositions of activated ash. Increasing in the surface area, pozzolana activity and the reduction of crystalline dense layers of fly ash F, leading to microstructure and structural variations which raised  the ash industrial applications.

Keywords

Fly Ash F Surface Properties Mechanical activation Milling equipment Pozzolanic activity

Article Details

How to Cite
Abadi , A. G. ., & Al-Shandoudi, L. . (2020). Fly ash morphology and surface modification via mechanical activation: A review. Environment Conservation Journal, 21(3), 105–112. https://doi.org/10.36953/ECJ.2020.21312

References

  1. Akinrotimi, O. A., Abu, O. M. G., Ansa, E. J., Edun, O. M., Antoni, S. V., and Hardjito, D. 2015. Simple mechanical beneficiation Method of Coarse Fly Ash with High LOI for Making HVFA Mortar. Civil Engineering Dimension, 17(1): 38-43.
  2. Babel, S. and Kurniawan, T. A. 2003. Various treatment technologies to remove arsenic and mercury from contaminated groundwater: an overview. In: Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Southeast Asian Water Environment, Bangkok, Thailand, 24-25 October: 433-440.
  3. Bouzoubaa, N., Zhang, M. H., Bilodeau, A., Malhotra, V. M. 1997. The effect of grinding on the physical properties of fly ashes and a portland cement clinker. Cement Concrete Research, 27(12): 1861-1874.
  4. Brook R. J. 1991. Concise encyclopaedia of advanced ceramic Materials. UK: Pergamon Press Plc.
  5. Coulson and Richardson, 2002. Particle technology and Separation Processes. Chemical Engineering, 2: 117-127.
  6. Gabor, M. 2016. Mechanical activation of power station fly ash by grinding- A review, Journal of Silicate Based and Composite Materials, 68(2): 56-61.
  7. Hela, R. and Bodnarova, L. 2013. Observation and experience of using mechanically activated fly ash in concrete. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering 7: 11.
  8. Hela, R. and Orsakova, D. 2013. Mechanical Activation of Fly Ash. Concrete and Concrete Structure, 87-93.
  9. Kumar, R., Kumar, S. and Mehrotra, S. P. 2007. Review Towards sustainable solutions for fly ash through mechanical activation. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 52: 157-179.
  10. Kumar, S. and Kumar, R. 2011. Mechanical activation of fly ash: Effect on reaction, structure and properties of resulting geopolymer. Ceramic International,: 533-541.
  11. Masuda, H., Higashitani, K. and Yoshida, H. 2007. Powder technology: handling and operations, process instrumentation, and working hazards. CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
  12. Matsuoka, K., Yokoyama, K., Okura, K., Urayama, N., Ueda, M. and Naito, M. 2019. Synthesis of Geopolymers from Mechanically Activated Coal Fly Ash and Improvement of Their Mechanical Properties. Write journal name, 9(12): 791.
  13. Nalbantoglu, Z. 2004. Effectiveness of Class C fly ash as an expansive soil stabilizer. Construction and Building Materials, 18: 377-388.
  14. Palomo, A., Grutzeck, M. W. and Blanco, M. T. 1999. Alkali-activated fly ashes a cement for the future. Cement Concrete Research, 29(8): 1323-1329.
  15. Patankar, S. V., Jamkar, S. S. and Ghugal, Y. M. 2012. Effect of sodium hydroxide on ?ow and strength of ?y ash based geopolymer mortar. Journal of Structural Engineering, 39(1): 7-12.
  16. Patil, A. G. and Anandhan, S. 2012. Ball Milling of Class-F Indian Fly ash obtained from a Thermal Power Station. International Journal of Energy Engineering, IJEE, 2(2): 57-62.
  17. Patil, A. G. and Anandhan, S. 2015. Influence of planetary ball milling parameters on the mechano-chemical activation of fly ash. Powder Technology, 281: 151-158.
  18. Paul, K. T., Satpathy, S. K., Manna, I., Chakraborty, K. K. and Nando G. B. 2007. Preparation and Characterization of Nano structured Materials from Fly Ash: A Waste from Thermal Power Stations, by High Energy Ball Milling. Nanoscale Research Letter, 397-404.
  19. Paya, J., Monzo, J., Borrachero, M. V. and Peris, E. 1995. Mechanical treatment of fly ashes. Part I: Physico-chemical characterization of ground flyashes. Cement Concrete Research, 25(7): 1469-1479.
  20. Rosenberg, A. 2020. Using Fly Ash in Concrete. https://precast.org/2010/05/using-fly-ash-in-concrete/,19.6.
  21. Saha, A. K. 2018. Effect of class F fly ash on the durability properties of concrete. Sustainable Environment Research, 28: 25-31.
  22. Sanytsky, M., Rusyn, B., Halbiniak, J. and Szymanska, J. 2013. Influence of ultrafine ground fly ash on the microstructure and properties of cementitious materials. Journal of Silicate Based and Composite Materials 2(12): 96-102.
  23. Sharma, S., Kabra, S., Katara, A. and Rani, 2015. Variation of Surface Morphology and Physicochemical Properties of the Fly Ash Through Mechanical and Thermal Activations. Journal of Advanced Chemical Sciences, 1(2): 60-74.
  24. Subhash ,V., Patankar, Yuwaraj, M. G. and Jamkar, S. S. 2014. Mix Design of Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete. Advanced in Structure Engineering,: 1619-1634.
  25. Sushant, S. and Archana, K. (2013). Method of Size Reduction and Factor Affecting Size Reduction in Pharmaceutics. International Research Journal of Pharmacy, 4(8): 57-64
  26. Varma, G., Singh, R. K. and Sahu, V. 2013. A review comparative study on the removal of heavy metals by adsorption using fly ash and sludge. International Journal of Application or Innovation in Engineering & Management (IJAIEM), 2(7): 45-56
  27. Wo?osiewicz-G?ab, M., Foszcz, D. and Gawenda, T. 2015. Analysis of possibilities of obtaining the fine particle size in mills of various designs, MEC2015: Mineral Engineering Conference: 14-17.
  28. Wolosiewicz-Glab, M., Foszcz, D., Gawenda, T. and Ogonowski, S. 2016. Design of an Electromagnetic Mill. Its Technological and Control System Structures for Dry Milling. E S Web of Conferences 3: 8-10.
  29. Xue, J. M., Zhou, Z. H. and Wang, J. 2004. Nanocrystalline Ceramics by Mechanical Activation, National University of Singapore, 6: pp.417–433.