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Abstract
Irrigation has a major role to play in the productivity of winter maize. Precise information about the quantity and quality of irrigation water is the key for higher productivity of winter maize. In the present study attempt has been made to asses the impact of different depth of irrigation water on crop yield and biomass of winter maize using FAO-Aquacrop Model. In the first case crop yield and biomass was simulated for irrigation water depth varied from 20 mm to 80 mm, keeping the irrigation water quality constant. Similarly, in another case the optimum irrigation depth was kept constant and irrigation water quality varied from 1 to 10 ds/m. The simulated crop yield and biomass increases up to 40 cm depth of irrigation water application for all three seasons. When a similar comparison was made for 30 cm depth of irrigation water application the simulated yield reduction was only 0.79%, 2.2% and 2.4 % for the year 2016-17, 2017-18 and 2018-19 respectively. The analysis suggested that this yield reduction can easily be compromised for saving 10 cm of irrigation water. This study indicated that 30 cm depth of irrigation water is optimum for Winter maize in BurhiGandak river basin of North Bihar In case of deficit irrigation of 20 cm depth of irrigation water application the simulated yield reduced by 14.4 %, 25.4 % and 11.4 % for the year 2016-17, 2017-18 and 2018-19 respectively. Assessment of response of different quality irrigation water on simulated crop yield and biomass of winter maize using FAO-Aquacrop model suggests that simulated yield was found maximum with 1 ds/m. The reduction in simulated yield with 10 ds/m water quality was observed maximum with a value of 41.3 %, 44.4 % and 38.4 % respectively for the year 2016-17, 2017-18 and 2018-19. FAO-Aquacrop model can be used as an important tool for efficient planning of irrigation water under diminishing water supply and deteriorating water quality.
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References
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References
Barrow, C. J. (2016: Water Resources and Agricultural Development in the Tropics. Routledge. Tylor and Francis Group. Sci. p. 368. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315841212
Bhutiani, R., & Ahamad, F. (2019). A case study on changing pattern of agriculture and related factors at Najibabad region of Bijnor, India. Contaminants in Agriculture and Environment: Health Risks and Remediation, 1, 236. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26832/AESA-2019-CAE-0158-018
Bhutiani, R., Khanna, D. R., Shubham, K., & Ahamad, F. (2016). Physico-chemical analysis of Sewage water treatment plant at Jagjeetpur Haridwar, Uttarakhand. Environment Conservation Journal, 17(3), 133-142. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36953/ECJ.2016.17326
Chandra, R., Tyagi, N. K., & Sakthivadivel, R. (2009). Irrigation Water Quality and Crop Yield Relationship Established for Kaithal Irrigation Circle of Bhakra System. Journal of Agricultural Engineering, 46(2), 40-44.
Chandra R. and Tyagi N. K. (2006) Field Scale Modelling Approach to Improve Productivity in Irrigated Agriculture. International Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 24(3) : 507-518
Chandra, R., Singh, P. K., & Kumar, A. (2022). Performance Evaluation of Aqua Crop Model for Broccoli Crop under Tarai Condition of Indo-Gangetic Plain. Environment and Ecology, 40(2C), 959-968.
Chandra, R., & Kumari, S. (2021). Estimation of crop water requirement for rice-wheat and rice-maize cropping system using CROPWAT model for Pusa, Samastipur district, Bihar: Estimation of crop water requirement for cropping System at Pusa Bihar. Journal of AgriSearch, 8(2), 143-148. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21921/jas.v8i2.7299
Elliott, J., Deryng, D., Müller, C., Frieler, K., Konzmann, M., Gerten, D. & Wisser, D. (2014). Constraints and potentials of future irrigation water availability on agricultural production under climate change. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(9), 3239-3244. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1222474110
Fang, J., & Su, Y. (2019). Effects of soils and irrigation volume on maize yield, irrigation water productivity, and nitrogen uptake. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 1-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-41447-z
Kang, Y., Chen, M., & Wan, S. (2010). Effects of drip irrigation with saline water on waxy maize (Zea mays L. var. ceratina Kulesh) in North China Plain. Agricultural Water Management, 97(9), 1303-1309. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2010.03.006
Kumar, V., Chandra, R., & Jain, S. K. (2018). Performance Evaluation of AquaCrop Model for Winter Maize Crop in the North Bihar Condition. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 7(5), 973-979. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.706.318
Molden, D., Oweis, T., Steduto, P., Bindraban, P., Hanjra, M. A., & Kijne, J. (2010). Improving agricultural water productivity: Between optimism and caution. Agricultural Water Management, 97(4), 528-535. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2009.03.023
Parsons, L. R., Sheikh, B., Holden, R., & York, D. W. (2010). Reclaimed water as an alternative water source for crop irrigation. Hort Science, 45(11), 1626-1629. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.45.11.1626
Tian, M., Tan, G., Liu, Y., Rong, T., & Huang, Y. (2009). Origin and evolution of Chinese waxy maize: evidence from the Globulin-1 gene. Genetic resources and crop evolution, 56(2), 247-255. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-008-9360-8