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Abstract
Rice is the staple food crop for more than half of the world population. Thus, rice varieties enriched with various micronutrients qualifies as a better alternative to combat micronutrient deficiency. The present investigation was undertaken to study the degree and direction of association for grain characters especially grain Zinc (Zn) content and grain Iron (Fe) content in 30 genotypes of rice. The correlation coefficient analysis findings at the phenotypic level were used to determine whether the various traits were correlated with yield and the significance of the relationship among them. This data shows significant positive correlation at the phenotypic and genotypic level for grain yield per plant with days to 50% flowering (0.356 & 0.373), number of panicles per plant (0.340 & 0.522), panicle length (0.293 & 0.356), test weight (0.307 & 0.346) and kernel breadth (0.283 & 0.339). The signs (positive or negative) reflect the consequence of increasing or decreasing one variable over the other. The traits plant height ((-0.399 & -0.410) and kernel L/B ratio (-0.237 & -0.291) showed negative correlation with yield indicating that shorter plants as well as grains having shorter length with more breadth are more likely to produce more yield thus selection should be carried out against height . One possible reason for this could be that in plants with shorter stature have higher nutrient use efficiency and are resistant to lodging. The traits days to 50% flowering, number of panicles per plant, panicle length, and test weight and kernel breadth showed positive correlation indicating that selection towards higher values for these traits would consequently improve the yield. It was also found that the traits Zn and Fe content were positively correlated with each other implying that simultaneous selection of these traits could be done for the purpose of biofortification.
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References
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- Dewey, D.R. & Lu, K.H. (1959). A Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis of Components of Crested Wheatgrass Seed Production. Agronomy journal, 57(9), 515-518. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1959.00021962005100090002x
- Fisher, R. A. (1918). The correlation between relatives on the supposition of Mendelian inheritance. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinbergh, 52, 399-433. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0080456800012163
- Falconer, D.S. 1960. Introduction to quantitative genetics. Ronald Press, New York. pp. 247-281.
- Galton, F. (1889). I. Co-relations and their measurement, chiefly from anthropometric data. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 45(273-279), 135-145. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1098/rspl.1888.0082
- Lakshmi, M. V., Suneetha, Y., Yugandhar, G., & Lakshmi, N. V. (2014). Correlation studies in rice (Oryza sativa L.). International Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 5(2), 121-126.
- Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India, 2020. Available at http://www.indiastat.com
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- Patil, P. V., & Sarawgi, A. K. (2005). Studies on genetic variability, correlation and path analysis in traditional aromatic rice accessions. Annals of plant physiology, 19(1), 92.
- Singh, M. K., Singh, S., Nautiyal, M. K., Pandey, I. D., & Gaur, A. K. (2017). Variability, heritability and correlation among grain quality traits in basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.). International Journal of Chemical Studies, 5(5), 309-312.
- Sadeghi, S.M. (2011). Heritability, phenotypic correlation and path coefficient studies for some agronomic characters in land race rice varieties. World Applied Sciences Journal. 13(5), 1229-1233.
- Sankar, P. D., Sheeba, A., & Anbumalarmathi, J. (2006). Variability and character association studies in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Agricultural Science Digest, 26(3), 182-184.
- Veni, B. K., Lakshmi, B. V. & Ramana, J. V. (2013). Variability and association studies for yield components and quality parameters in rice genotypes. Journal of rice research, 6(2), 16-23.
- Wright, S. (1921). Systems of mating. I. The biometric relations between parent and offspring. Genetics, 6(2): 111. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/6.2.111
- Yadav, S. K., Suresh, B. G., Pandey, P. & Kumar, B. (2010). Assessment of genetic variability, correlation and path association in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Journal of bio-science, 18, 1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v18i0.8767
References
Babu, V. R., Shreya, K., Dangi, K. S., Usharani, G., & Shankar, A. S. (2012). Correlation and path analysis studies in popular rice hybrids of India. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 2(3), 1-5.
Bain, L.E., Awah, P.K., Geraldine, N., Kindong, N.P., Siga, Y., Bernard, N. & Tanjeko, A.T. (2013). Malnutrition in Sub- Saharan Africa: burden, causes and prospects. Pan African Medical Journal, 15(1),120 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2013.15.120.2535
Bhargava, K., Shivani, D., Pushpavalli, S. N. C. V. L., Sundaram, R. M., Beulah, P., & Senguttuvel, P. (2021). Genetic variability, correlation and path coefficient analysis in segregating population of rice. Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 12(2), 549-555. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37992/2021.1202.077
Dewey, D.R. & Lu, K.H. (1959). A Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis of Components of Crested Wheatgrass Seed Production. Agronomy journal, 57(9), 515-518. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1959.00021962005100090002x
Fisher, R. A. (1918). The correlation between relatives on the supposition of Mendelian inheritance. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinbergh, 52, 399-433. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0080456800012163
Falconer, D.S. 1960. Introduction to quantitative genetics. Ronald Press, New York. pp. 247-281.
Galton, F. (1889). I. Co-relations and their measurement, chiefly from anthropometric data. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 45(273-279), 135-145. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1098/rspl.1888.0082
Lakshmi, M. V., Suneetha, Y., Yugandhar, G., & Lakshmi, N. V. (2014). Correlation studies in rice (Oryza sativa L.). International Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 5(2), 121-126.
Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India, 2020. Available at http://www.indiastat.com
Moosavi, M., Ranjbar, G., Zarrini, H.N. & Gilani, A. (2015). Correlation between morphological and physiological traits and path analysis of grain yield in rice genotypes under Khuzestan conditions. Biological Forum, 7(1), 43-47.
Nayak, A. R., Chaudhury, D., & Reddy, J. N. (2001). Correlation and path analysis in scented rice (Oryza satna L.). Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, 35(3), 186-189.
Patil, P. V., & Sarawgi, A. K. (2005). Studies on genetic variability, correlation and path analysis in traditional aromatic rice accessions. Annals of plant physiology, 19(1), 92.
Singh, M. K., Singh, S., Nautiyal, M. K., Pandey, I. D., & Gaur, A. K. (2017). Variability, heritability and correlation among grain quality traits in basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.). International Journal of Chemical Studies, 5(5), 309-312.
Sadeghi, S.M. (2011). Heritability, phenotypic correlation and path coefficient studies for some agronomic characters in land race rice varieties. World Applied Sciences Journal. 13(5), 1229-1233.
Sankar, P. D., Sheeba, A., & Anbumalarmathi, J. (2006). Variability and character association studies in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Agricultural Science Digest, 26(3), 182-184.
Veni, B. K., Lakshmi, B. V. & Ramana, J. V. (2013). Variability and association studies for yield components and quality parameters in rice genotypes. Journal of rice research, 6(2), 16-23.
Wright, S. (1921). Systems of mating. I. The biometric relations between parent and offspring. Genetics, 6(2): 111. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/6.2.111
Yadav, S. K., Suresh, B. G., Pandey, P. & Kumar, B. (2010). Assessment of genetic variability, correlation and path association in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Journal of bio-science, 18, 1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v18i0.8767