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Abstract
Nine species of coccinellids (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and three species of syrphid (Diptera: Syrphidae) predators of the green apple aphid, Aphis pomi De Geer, occurring in apple nurseries in Himachal Pradesh are reported. The coccinellids included Cheilomenes sexmaculata (F.), Coccinella septempunctata (L.), Coccinella transversalis F., Coelophora bissellata (Mulsant), Coelophora saucia (Mulsant), Harmonia dimidiata (F.), Hippodamia variegata (Goeze), Oenopia sauzeti (Mulsant) and Priscibrumus uropygialis (Mulsant), while the syrphids included Betasyrphus serarius (Wiedemann), Episyrphus balteatus De Geer and Metasyrphus confrater (Wiedemann). Of the coccinellids, C. sexmaculata, C. bissellata, C. saucia and H. dimidiata were found to be more effective for the natural suppression of A. pomi in apple nurseries in the state.
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References
- Carroll, D. P. and Hoyt. S. C. 1984. Natural enemies and their effects on apple aphid, Aphis pomi De Geer (Homoptera: Aphididae), colonies on young apple tree in central Washington. Environmental Entomology, 13: 469-81.
- Ghorpade, K. D. 1981. Insect prey of Syrphidae (Diptera) from India and neighbouring countries: a review and bibliography. Tropical Pest Management, 27: 62-82.
- Kumari, M. 2006. Studies on biology, cytogenetics and biological control of green apple aphid, Aphis pomi De Geer. Ph.D. Thesis in Life Sciences (Zoology), Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla.: 162.
- Kumari, M. and Gautam, D. C. 2004. Biology of green apple aphid, Aphis pomi De Geer on apple host. Indian Journal of Hoticulture 61: 229-31.
- Kumari, M. and Gautam, D. C. 2007. Studies on the morphs, life history and behaviour of green apple aphid, Aphis pomi De Geer on apple host in India. Polish. Journal of Entomology 76: 119-41.
- Kumari, M. 2018. Studies on the biology and predatory potential of Harmonia dimidiata , a major predators of Aphis pomi De Geer on apple host in India. Advances in Entomology, 6: 170-175.
- Prokopy, R. J. and Croft, B. A. 1994. Apple pest management, pp.743-759. Introduction to Pest Management,. R L Metcalf R L and W H Luckmann (eds.). John Wiley & Sons, New York: 650.
- Roy, P. and Basu, S. K. 1977. Bionomics of aphidopagous syrhphid flies. Indian Journal of Entomology 39: 165-74.
- Scholz, D. and Poehling, H. M. 2000. Oviposition site selection of Episyrphus balteatus. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 94: 149-58.
- Sutherland, J. P., Sullivan, M. S. and Poppy, G. M. 1999. The influence of floral character on the foraging behaviour of the hoverfly, Episyrphus balteatus (De Geer) (Diptera; Syrphidae). Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 93: 157-64.
References
Carroll, D. P. and Hoyt. S. C. 1984. Natural enemies and their effects on apple aphid, Aphis pomi De Geer (Homoptera: Aphididae), colonies on young apple tree in central Washington. Environmental Entomology, 13: 469-81.
Ghorpade, K. D. 1981. Insect prey of Syrphidae (Diptera) from India and neighbouring countries: a review and bibliography. Tropical Pest Management, 27: 62-82.
Kumari, M. 2006. Studies on biology, cytogenetics and biological control of green apple aphid, Aphis pomi De Geer. Ph.D. Thesis in Life Sciences (Zoology), Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla.: 162.
Kumari, M. and Gautam, D. C. 2004. Biology of green apple aphid, Aphis pomi De Geer on apple host. Indian Journal of Hoticulture 61: 229-31.
Kumari, M. and Gautam, D. C. 2007. Studies on the morphs, life history and behaviour of green apple aphid, Aphis pomi De Geer on apple host in India. Polish. Journal of Entomology 76: 119-41.
Kumari, M. 2018. Studies on the biology and predatory potential of Harmonia dimidiata , a major predators of Aphis pomi De Geer on apple host in India. Advances in Entomology, 6: 170-175.
Prokopy, R. J. and Croft, B. A. 1994. Apple pest management, pp.743-759. Introduction to Pest Management,. R L Metcalf R L and W H Luckmann (eds.). John Wiley & Sons, New York: 650.
Roy, P. and Basu, S. K. 1977. Bionomics of aphidopagous syrhphid flies. Indian Journal of Entomology 39: 165-74.
Scholz, D. and Poehling, H. M. 2000. Oviposition site selection of Episyrphus balteatus. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 94: 149-58.
Sutherland, J. P., Sullivan, M. S. and Poppy, G. M. 1999. The influence of floral character on the foraging behaviour of the hoverfly, Episyrphus balteatus (De Geer) (Diptera; Syrphidae). Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 93: 157-64.