Disease incidence, larval parameters and mortality of mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L. effected by bed disinfectants
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Published
Apr 9, 2023
Pompi Konwar
Monimala Saikia
Surajit Kalita
Hemanta Saikia
Aparupa Borgohain
Abstract
With an aim to find out an effective bed disinfectant regulating disease incidence, larval growth parameters and mortality of mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L. revealed a positive influence on the disease incidence, and larval growth of mulberry silkworm race, (CSR6 × CSR26) × (CSR2 × CSR27). The commercial bed disinfectant, Ankush manifested better result in terms of reduction in disease incidence (1.833 %) and larval parameters (larval duration, 21.888 days; full grown larval weight, 4.596 g; silk gland weight, 0.889 g and 24.181% SGTSI) compared to the control (22.667 days, 3.976 g, 0.817 g and 20.726 %, respectively) followed by Sericillin and Turmeric rhizome powder alone or in combinations. However, a combination of bed disinfectants viz., Ankush + Sericillin, Ankush + Turmeric rhizome powder and Sericillin + Turmeric rhizome powder recorded better results compared to Turmeric rhizome powder alone. Though bed disinfectants did not show any significant effect on mortality percentage but Ankush resulted highest reduction of mortality over control (46.933 %). The performance of all the bed disinfectants was found to be better during the late spring season.
How to Cite
Konwar, P., Saikia, M., Kalita , S., Saikia, H., & Borgohain, A. (2023). Disease incidence, larval parameters and mortality of mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L. effected by bed disinfectants. Environment Conservation Journal, 24(3), 54–62. https://doi.org/10.36953/ECJ.14952465
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Keywords
Bed disinfectant, Bombyx mori, disease incidence, larval mortality, growth parameters
References
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Akai, H. (1983). The structure and ultra structure of the silk gland. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 39(5): 443-449.
Anonymous (2022). Retrieved from http://www.inserco.org /en/statistics on 31st May, 2022.
Anonymous (2021). State wise silk production during 2020-21, p. 88. In: Annual Report, Central Silk Board, Ministry of Textiles, Government of India.
Balavenkatasubbaiah, M., Chandrasekharan, K., Sharma, S.D., Nayaka A. R. N., & Bindroo, B.B. (2014). Disinfection and hygiene technology using Asthra and Ankush for the management of silkworm diseases. International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences, 4(1): 100-106.
Barman, A. C. (1991). Effect of some formulated chemical composites for controlling bacterial and viral diseases of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Bulletin of Sericulture Research, 2: 62-66.
Dhirwani, H., Rathod, M. K., & Rai Manoj, M. (2015). Evaluation of different bed disinfectant against the diseases of silkworm, Bombyx mori. International Journal of Researches in Biosciences, Agriculture & Technology, 6: 154-155.
Doreswamy, C., Govindan, R., Devaiah, M.C., & Muniswamappa M.V. (2004). Deterioration of cocoon traits of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. by the synergistic infection with larval flacherie pathogens. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 17: 345-348.
Jagannatha, K. R. (1996). Evaluation of commercial germicides for their utility as disinfectants in silkworm rearing [Unpublished M.Sc. (Agri.) Thesis]. University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore.
Kamili, A. S., & Masoodi, M. A. (2000). Principles of Temperate Sericulture. Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.
Karuppasamy, K., Palsamy, S., & Isaiarasu, L. (2013). Influence of turmeric extract on the growth and commercial parameters of Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae). African Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 5(5): 228-231.
Kumar, N. S., Singh, H., & Saha, A. K. (2015). Textbook on Silkworm Rearing Technology. Dominant Publishers & Distributors Pvt Ltd, New Delhi-110002, India.
Manimegalai, S., Subramanian, A., & Chandramohan, N. (2000). Efficacy of bed disinfectants and botanicals against Grasserie disease of silkworm Bombyx mori L. Sericologia, 40(4): 585-590.
Manjunath, G. C., Doreswamy, C., & Bhaskar, R. N. (2020). Evaluation of certain medicinal plant extracts for the management of late larval flacherie disease of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 8(4): 260-264.
Mohanan, N. M., Krishan, N., Mitra, P., & Saratchandra, B. (2009). Sericillin: A new silkworm bed disinfectant. Indian Silk, 48(7): 16.
Rasool, S., Ganie, N. A., Wani, M. Y., Dar, K. A., Khan, I. L., & Mehraj, S. (2018). Evaluation of a suitable silkworm bed disinfectant against silkworm diseases and survivability under temperate conditions of Kashmir. International Journal of Chemical Studies, 6(1): 1571-1574.
Reddy, B. K., & Rao, J. V. K. (2009). Seasonal occurrence and control of silkworm diseases, grasserie, flacherie and muscardine and insect pest uzi fly in Andhra Pradesh, India. International Journal of Industrial Entomology, 18(2): 57-61.
Sailaja, B., & Sivaprasad, S. (2010). Photoperiodic modulation of circadian protein rhythm in the silk gland of Bombyx mori during fourth instar development. The Bioscan, 5(2): 177-183.
Sahu, P. K., & Das, A. K. (2009). Agriculture and Applied Statistics-II. Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana-141008, India.
Selvakumar,T.,Nataraju,B.,Balavenkatesh Subbaih, M. ,Siva prasad, V.,Baig,M.,Kumar, V.,Sharma, S.D.,Thiagrajan,V., & Datta, R.K. (2002). A reort on prevalance on silkworm diseases and estimated crop loss, In: Proceedings of National conference on stategies for sericulture research and development (Dandwa S.P. and Gupta V.P. Ed., CSRTI Mysore ,India pp:354-357.
Shashidhar, K. R., Thulasiram, K., & Haveri N. (2018). Effectiveness of bed disinfectants on silkworm diseases and cocoon yield under tropical conditions of Kolar district, Karnataka. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 7(5): 2720-2724.
Singh, A. (2012). Effect of two different bed disinfectants on cocoon productivity in spring rearing of silkworm, Bombyx mori. Green Farming, 3(1): 123-124.
Singh, G. P., & Kumar, V. (1996). Correlation study on the larval silk gland and shell weight in the silkworm Bombyx mori L. Entomon, 21(3&4): 277-279.
Singhvi, N. R., Kushwaha, R.V., Mathur, S. K., Lochan, R., Rekha, M., & Sinha, B. R. (2004). Comparative efficacy of bed disinfectant TKO, Resham Jyothi and Vijetha and protecting tasar silkworm from invasion of pathogens. Journal of Experimental Zoology, 7(1): 165-168.
Swathi, H. C., Vijayendra, M., & Nagaraj, S. B. (2014). Revalidation of bed disinfectant practices followed by farmers in the rearing of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 7(1): 1-7.
Thakur, D. R. (2010). Efficacy of different disinfectants on rearing of mulberry silkworm. [Unpublished M.Sc. (Agri) Thesis]. Marathwada Agricultural University, Prabhani, Maharasthra.
Vallaanchira; Rahmathulla, V. K., & Suresh, H. M. (2013). Influence of temperature and humidity on growth and development of silk gland of a bivoltine silkworm hybrid. Iranian Journal of Entomology, 3: 24-29
Venkata Rai Reddy, K., & Benchamin, K. V. (1989). Studies on Tissue Somatic Index (TSI) of silk gland and gonads of silkworm B. mori L. during Vth instar development. Sericologia, 28(4): 463-476.
Vijayakumar, P. B., Katti, S. R., Venkatesh, H., & Sekharappa B. M. (2007). Silk gland somatic index in some pure races of Bombyx mori L. The Bioscan, 2(4): 297-299.
Zagar, M. A. (2010). Studies on pathogenicity of Nosema bombycis Nageli to silkworm, Bombyx mori, L. and its management [Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis]. Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Shalimar.
Akai, H. (1983). The structure and ultra structure of the silk gland. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 39(5): 443-449.
Anonymous (2022). Retrieved from http://www.inserco.org /en/statistics on 31st May, 2022.
Anonymous (2021). State wise silk production during 2020-21, p. 88. In: Annual Report, Central Silk Board, Ministry of Textiles, Government of India.
Balavenkatasubbaiah, M., Chandrasekharan, K., Sharma, S.D., Nayaka A. R. N., & Bindroo, B.B. (2014). Disinfection and hygiene technology using Asthra and Ankush for the management of silkworm diseases. International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences, 4(1): 100-106.
Barman, A. C. (1991). Effect of some formulated chemical composites for controlling bacterial and viral diseases of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Bulletin of Sericulture Research, 2: 62-66.
Dhirwani, H., Rathod, M. K., & Rai Manoj, M. (2015). Evaluation of different bed disinfectant against the diseases of silkworm, Bombyx mori. International Journal of Researches in Biosciences, Agriculture & Technology, 6: 154-155.
Doreswamy, C., Govindan, R., Devaiah, M.C., & Muniswamappa M.V. (2004). Deterioration of cocoon traits of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. by the synergistic infection with larval flacherie pathogens. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 17: 345-348.
Jagannatha, K. R. (1996). Evaluation of commercial germicides for their utility as disinfectants in silkworm rearing [Unpublished M.Sc. (Agri.) Thesis]. University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore.
Kamili, A. S., & Masoodi, M. A. (2000). Principles of Temperate Sericulture. Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.
Karuppasamy, K., Palsamy, S., & Isaiarasu, L. (2013). Influence of turmeric extract on the growth and commercial parameters of Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae). African Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 5(5): 228-231.
Kumar, N. S., Singh, H., & Saha, A. K. (2015). Textbook on Silkworm Rearing Technology. Dominant Publishers & Distributors Pvt Ltd, New Delhi-110002, India.
Manimegalai, S., Subramanian, A., & Chandramohan, N. (2000). Efficacy of bed disinfectants and botanicals against Grasserie disease of silkworm Bombyx mori L. Sericologia, 40(4): 585-590.
Manjunath, G. C., Doreswamy, C., & Bhaskar, R. N. (2020). Evaluation of certain medicinal plant extracts for the management of late larval flacherie disease of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 8(4): 260-264.
Mohanan, N. M., Krishan, N., Mitra, P., & Saratchandra, B. (2009). Sericillin: A new silkworm bed disinfectant. Indian Silk, 48(7): 16.
Rasool, S., Ganie, N. A., Wani, M. Y., Dar, K. A., Khan, I. L., & Mehraj, S. (2018). Evaluation of a suitable silkworm bed disinfectant against silkworm diseases and survivability under temperate conditions of Kashmir. International Journal of Chemical Studies, 6(1): 1571-1574.
Reddy, B. K., & Rao, J. V. K. (2009). Seasonal occurrence and control of silkworm diseases, grasserie, flacherie and muscardine and insect pest uzi fly in Andhra Pradesh, India. International Journal of Industrial Entomology, 18(2): 57-61.
Sailaja, B., & Sivaprasad, S. (2010). Photoperiodic modulation of circadian protein rhythm in the silk gland of Bombyx mori during fourth instar development. The Bioscan, 5(2): 177-183.
Sahu, P. K., & Das, A. K. (2009). Agriculture and Applied Statistics-II. Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana-141008, India.
Selvakumar,T.,Nataraju,B.,Balavenkatesh Subbaih, M. ,Siva prasad, V.,Baig,M.,Kumar, V.,Sharma, S.D.,Thiagrajan,V., & Datta, R.K. (2002). A reort on prevalance on silkworm diseases and estimated crop loss, In: Proceedings of National conference on stategies for sericulture research and development (Dandwa S.P. and Gupta V.P. Ed., CSRTI Mysore ,India pp:354-357.
Shashidhar, K. R., Thulasiram, K., & Haveri N. (2018). Effectiveness of bed disinfectants on silkworm diseases and cocoon yield under tropical conditions of Kolar district, Karnataka. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 7(5): 2720-2724.
Singh, A. (2012). Effect of two different bed disinfectants on cocoon productivity in spring rearing of silkworm, Bombyx mori. Green Farming, 3(1): 123-124.
Singh, G. P., & Kumar, V. (1996). Correlation study on the larval silk gland and shell weight in the silkworm Bombyx mori L. Entomon, 21(3&4): 277-279.
Singhvi, N. R., Kushwaha, R.V., Mathur, S. K., Lochan, R., Rekha, M., & Sinha, B. R. (2004). Comparative efficacy of bed disinfectant TKO, Resham Jyothi and Vijetha and protecting tasar silkworm from invasion of pathogens. Journal of Experimental Zoology, 7(1): 165-168.
Swathi, H. C., Vijayendra, M., & Nagaraj, S. B. (2014). Revalidation of bed disinfectant practices followed by farmers in the rearing of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 7(1): 1-7.
Thakur, D. R. (2010). Efficacy of different disinfectants on rearing of mulberry silkworm. [Unpublished M.Sc. (Agri) Thesis]. Marathwada Agricultural University, Prabhani, Maharasthra.
Vallaanchira; Rahmathulla, V. K., & Suresh, H. M. (2013). Influence of temperature and humidity on growth and development of silk gland of a bivoltine silkworm hybrid. Iranian Journal of Entomology, 3: 24-29
Venkata Rai Reddy, K., & Benchamin, K. V. (1989). Studies on Tissue Somatic Index (TSI) of silk gland and gonads of silkworm B. mori L. during Vth instar development. Sericologia, 28(4): 463-476.
Vijayakumar, P. B., Katti, S. R., Venkatesh, H., & Sekharappa B. M. (2007). Silk gland somatic index in some pure races of Bombyx mori L. The Bioscan, 2(4): 297-299.
Zagar, M. A. (2010). Studies on pathogenicity of Nosema bombycis Nageli to silkworm, Bombyx mori, L. and its management [Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis]. Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Shalimar.
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