Influence of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) in Prayagraj region
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Published
Jan 8, 2023
Ravi Kumar Dwivedi
Umesha C. Lalit Kumar Sanodiya
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5807-3526
Umesha C. Lalit Kumar Sanodiya
Abstract
A field study was conducted at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, during the zaid season of 2021. (U.P.). This study was carried out with the objective to study the interaction effect of different levels of NPK, FYM, Vermicompost and Panchagavya on growth and yield of cowpea.The experiment used a randomized block design (RBD) with nine treatments which were replicated three times. The soil texture of the experimental plot was sandy loam, with a pH of 7.2, low organic carbon (0.48 percent), available N (171.48 kg/ha), available P (13.6 kg/ha), and available K (215.4 kg/ha). The results showed significantly increase in growth parameters i.e. plant height (69.48 cm), number of nodules/plant (24.37), plant dry weight (22.22 g/plant), crop growth rate (3.0 g/m2/plant) and yield attributing parameters i.e. number of pods/plant (15.45), length of pods (27.02cm), number of seeds/pod (13.57), test weight (85.6 g), seed yield (2.68 t/ha), stover yield (6.09 t/ha). The harvest index (30.56) was recorded with vermicompost 1.5t/ha + RDF 100% kg/ha.
How to Cite
Dwivedi, R. K., C. , U., & Sanodiya, L. K. (2023). Influence of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) in Prayagraj region. Environment Conservation Journal, 24(1), 143–150. https://doi.org/10.36953/ECJ.11792315
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Keywords
Farm yard manure (FYM), Integrated nutrient management (INM), Panchagavya, Recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF), Vermicompost
References
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Babaji, B. A., Yahaya, R. A., & Mahadi, M. A., Jaliya, M. M., A. l., Kura, H. N., Arunah, U. L., Ibrahim, A., & Ajeigbe, H. (2011). Growth attributes and pod yield of four Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) Varieties as influenced by residual effect of different application rates of farm yard manure. Journal of Agricultural Science, 3(2), 165–171. https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v3n2p165
Bansal, S. K., Mazumdar, K., Singh, V., & Imax, P. (2000). Long Term effect of potassium nutrient on productivity and sustainability of a Sorghum-Wheat cropping system. Proceedings of the International Conference on Managing Natural Resources for Sustainable Agriculture Production in the 21st Century, New Delhi, 3, 871–872.
Brar, B. S., & Pasricha, M. S. (1998). Long-term studies an integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilize in Maize-Wheat- cowpea cropping system an alluvial soil of Punjab. Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, India, (pp. 154–168). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242157507.
Ddamulira, G., Santos, C. A. F., Obuo, P., Alanyo, M., & Lwanga, C. K. (2015). Grain yield and protein content of Brazilian cowpea genotypes under diverse Ugandan environments. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 6(13), 2074–2084. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2015.613208
Devi, U., & Singh, K. P. (2005). Integrated nutrient management in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Haryana Journal of Agronomy, 21(1), 74.
Ghanshyam, Kumar, R. & Jat, R.K. (2010). Productivity and soil fertility as affected by organic manure and inorganic fertilizer in green gram (Vigna radiata L.) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) system. Indian Journal of Agronomy, New Delhi, India, 55 (1), 16–21.
Gholami, H., Fard, F. R., Saharkhiz, M. J. and Ghani, A., 2018. Yield and physic chemical properties of inulin obtained from Iranian chicory roots under vermicompost and humic acid treatments. Industrial Crops and Products, Netherlands, 123, pp.610-616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.07.031
Gomez, K. W., & Gomez, A. A. (1984). Statistical procedures for agricultural research (2nd ed). John Wiley & Sons, New Jersey, USA, p. 680. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNAAR208.pdf
Jangir, R., Thanki, J. D., Patil, K. B., & Saini, L. K. (2021). Residual and direct effect of integrated nutrient management on growth, yield, monetary efficiency, nutrient uptake of cowpea and soil properties under grain amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.)-cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) cropping sequence in inceptisols of Western India. Journal of Plant Nutrition, vol-44, pp 19–21.
Jat, R. S., & Ahlawat, I. P. S. (2004). Effect of vermicompost, biofertilizer and phosphorus on growth, yield and nutrient uptake by gram (Cicer arietinum L.) and their residual effect on fodder maize (Zea mays L.). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 74(7), 359–361.
Mahaly, M., Senthilkumar, A. K., Arumugam, S., Kaliyaperumal, C., & Karupannan, N. (2018). Vermicomposting of distillery sludge waste with tea leaf residues. Sustainable Environment Research, 28(5), 223–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.serj.2018.02.002
Malhotra, H., Sharma, S., & Pandey, R. (2018). Phosphorus nutrition: Plant growth in response to deficiency and excess in Plant nutrient and abiotic stress tolerance. Springer, New York, USA, (pp. 171–190). https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-10-9044-8_7
Prajapati, K., & Modi, H. A. (2012). The importance of potassium in plant growth–a review. Indian Journal of Plant Science, 1(2–3), 177–186.
Prakash, G.K.N. Murthy, K., Prathima, A.S. & Rohani N. (2018). Effect of Spacing and Nutrient Levels on Growth Attributes and Yield of Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana L. Gaertn) Cultivated under Guni Planting Method in Red Sandy Loamy Soil of Karnataka, India. Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci, 7(5): 1337-1343. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.705.160
Ramawtar, Shivran, A.C., & Yadav. (2013). Effect of NP fertilizers, vermicompost and sulphur on growth, yield and quality of clusterbean (Cymopsistetragonoloba L) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Legume Research, 36(1), 74–78.
Reddy, Ramachandra, Reddy, M. A. N., Reddy, Y. T. N., Reddy, N. S. and Anjanappa, M. (1998). Effect of organic and inorganic sources of NPK on growth and yield of pea (Pisum sativum L.). Legume Research, Haryana, India, 21(1): 57- 60.
Singh, A., Singh, V. K., Rana, N. S., Kumar, S., Panwar, G. S., & Kumar, Y. (2008). Response of urdbean to farmyard manure and phosphorus application under urdbean-wheat cropping sequence. Journal of Food Legumes, 21(2), 119–121.
Singh, Q., Sekhon, H. S., Ram, H., & Sharma, P. (2010). Effect of farmyard manure, phosphorus and phosphate solubilizing bacteria on nodulation, growth and yield of Kabuli chickpea. Journal of Food Legume, 23(3&4), 226–229.
Singh, A. K., Bhatt, B. P., Sundram, P. K., Kumar, S., Bahrati, R. C., Chandra, N., & Rai, M. (2012). Study of site specific nutrient management of cowpea seed production and their effect on soil nutrient status. Journal of Agricultural Science, 4(10), 191–198.
Surender Rao, S., & Sitaramnayya, M. (2000). Performance of alternate organic nitrogen sources in an inceptisol under Rice. In Proceedings of the Interface Conef. Managing Natural Resources for Sustainable Agricultural Production in the 21th century, New Delhi, 3 (pp. 1464–1465).
Sabarad, A. I., Swamy, G. S. K., Patil, P. B. & Athani, S. I. (2004). Influence of VAM, vermicompost and Trichoderma harzianumon growth of banana cv. Rajapuri (Musa AAB). Karnataka J. Agrol. Sci., 17(3), 515–518.
Tondon, H. L. S. (Ed.). (1992). Fertilizers, organic manures, recyclable wastes and biofertilizers. Fertilizer Development and Consultation, New Delhi, India, p. 148.https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=US201300717667.
Babaji, B. A., Yahaya, R. A., & Mahadi, M. A., Jaliya, M. M., A. l., Kura, H. N., Arunah, U. L., Ibrahim, A., & Ajeigbe, H. (2011). Growth attributes and pod yield of four Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) Varieties as influenced by residual effect of different application rates of farm yard manure. Journal of Agricultural Science, 3(2), 165–171. https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v3n2p165
Bansal, S. K., Mazumdar, K., Singh, V., & Imax, P. (2000). Long Term effect of potassium nutrient on productivity and sustainability of a Sorghum-Wheat cropping system. Proceedings of the International Conference on Managing Natural Resources for Sustainable Agriculture Production in the 21st Century, New Delhi, 3, 871–872.
Brar, B. S., & Pasricha, M. S. (1998). Long-term studies an integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilize in Maize-Wheat- cowpea cropping system an alluvial soil of Punjab. Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, India, (pp. 154–168). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242157507.
Ddamulira, G., Santos, C. A. F., Obuo, P., Alanyo, M., & Lwanga, C. K. (2015). Grain yield and protein content of Brazilian cowpea genotypes under diverse Ugandan environments. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 6(13), 2074–2084. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2015.613208
Devi, U., & Singh, K. P. (2005). Integrated nutrient management in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Haryana Journal of Agronomy, 21(1), 74.
Ghanshyam, Kumar, R. & Jat, R.K. (2010). Productivity and soil fertility as affected by organic manure and inorganic fertilizer in green gram (Vigna radiata L.) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) system. Indian Journal of Agronomy, New Delhi, India, 55 (1), 16–21.
Gholami, H., Fard, F. R., Saharkhiz, M. J. and Ghani, A., 2018. Yield and physic chemical properties of inulin obtained from Iranian chicory roots under vermicompost and humic acid treatments. Industrial Crops and Products, Netherlands, 123, pp.610-616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.07.031
Gomez, K. W., & Gomez, A. A. (1984). Statistical procedures for agricultural research (2nd ed). John Wiley & Sons, New Jersey, USA, p. 680. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNAAR208.pdf
Jangir, R., Thanki, J. D., Patil, K. B., & Saini, L. K. (2021). Residual and direct effect of integrated nutrient management on growth, yield, monetary efficiency, nutrient uptake of cowpea and soil properties under grain amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.)-cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) cropping sequence in inceptisols of Western India. Journal of Plant Nutrition, vol-44, pp 19–21.
Jat, R. S., & Ahlawat, I. P. S. (2004). Effect of vermicompost, biofertilizer and phosphorus on growth, yield and nutrient uptake by gram (Cicer arietinum L.) and their residual effect on fodder maize (Zea mays L.). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 74(7), 359–361.
Mahaly, M., Senthilkumar, A. K., Arumugam, S., Kaliyaperumal, C., & Karupannan, N. (2018). Vermicomposting of distillery sludge waste with tea leaf residues. Sustainable Environment Research, 28(5), 223–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.serj.2018.02.002
Malhotra, H., Sharma, S., & Pandey, R. (2018). Phosphorus nutrition: Plant growth in response to deficiency and excess in Plant nutrient and abiotic stress tolerance. Springer, New York, USA, (pp. 171–190). https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-10-9044-8_7
Prajapati, K., & Modi, H. A. (2012). The importance of potassium in plant growth–a review. Indian Journal of Plant Science, 1(2–3), 177–186.
Prakash, G.K.N. Murthy, K., Prathima, A.S. & Rohani N. (2018). Effect of Spacing and Nutrient Levels on Growth Attributes and Yield of Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana L. Gaertn) Cultivated under Guni Planting Method in Red Sandy Loamy Soil of Karnataka, India. Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci, 7(5): 1337-1343. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.705.160
Ramawtar, Shivran, A.C., & Yadav. (2013). Effect of NP fertilizers, vermicompost and sulphur on growth, yield and quality of clusterbean (Cymopsistetragonoloba L) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Legume Research, 36(1), 74–78.
Reddy, Ramachandra, Reddy, M. A. N., Reddy, Y. T. N., Reddy, N. S. and Anjanappa, M. (1998). Effect of organic and inorganic sources of NPK on growth and yield of pea (Pisum sativum L.). Legume Research, Haryana, India, 21(1): 57- 60.
Singh, A., Singh, V. K., Rana, N. S., Kumar, S., Panwar, G. S., & Kumar, Y. (2008). Response of urdbean to farmyard manure and phosphorus application under urdbean-wheat cropping sequence. Journal of Food Legumes, 21(2), 119–121.
Singh, Q., Sekhon, H. S., Ram, H., & Sharma, P. (2010). Effect of farmyard manure, phosphorus and phosphate solubilizing bacteria on nodulation, growth and yield of Kabuli chickpea. Journal of Food Legume, 23(3&4), 226–229.
Singh, A. K., Bhatt, B. P., Sundram, P. K., Kumar, S., Bahrati, R. C., Chandra, N., & Rai, M. (2012). Study of site specific nutrient management of cowpea seed production and their effect on soil nutrient status. Journal of Agricultural Science, 4(10), 191–198.
Surender Rao, S., & Sitaramnayya, M. (2000). Performance of alternate organic nitrogen sources in an inceptisol under Rice. In Proceedings of the Interface Conef. Managing Natural Resources for Sustainable Agricultural Production in the 21th century, New Delhi, 3 (pp. 1464–1465).
Sabarad, A. I., Swamy, G. S. K., Patil, P. B. & Athani, S. I. (2004). Influence of VAM, vermicompost and Trichoderma harzianumon growth of banana cv. Rajapuri (Musa AAB). Karnataka J. Agrol. Sci., 17(3), 515–518.
Tondon, H. L. S. (Ed.). (1992). Fertilizers, organic manures, recyclable wastes and biofertilizers. Fertilizer Development and Consultation, New Delhi, India, p. 148.https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=US201300717667.
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