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Abstract
The rotary tiller with ‘L’ shaped blades was examined for torque, power and specific tilling energy requirements to attain optimum soil-machine operational parameters. The three levels of moisture content (11.4%, 12.8% and 14.6% (d.b)), three speed ratios of 20 (?1), 12 (?2) and 9 (?3) at different passes (first, second and third) with rotational speed of 262 rpm were selected for study. The observations indicated inverse relation between torque and power requirement to moisture content. The lowest value of torque of 16.54 N-m and 26.66 N-m was associated with sandy loam and clay loam soil under third pass and moisture content of 14.6 per cent. Similarly, the minimum power requirement of 0.452 kW and 0.699 kW was observed under analogous conditions of rotary tiller. The energy requirement was found to decrease with higher number of passes due to the breakdown of the hard pan and clod aggregate size. The specific tilling energy is strongly correlated with forward speed and less dependent on the number of the passes of rotary tilling.
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References
- Ade, G., & Pezzi, F.(1999). Tests on rotary tillers equipped with different blades. Agric. Engg, Abstracts. 14(12):495.
- Anonymous. (2011). Punjab Agricultural Handbook. Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana.
- Culpin, C. (1981).Farm machinery, 10th Edn., Spain: Granada Technical Books Press. Kosutic.
- Destan, M.F., & Houmy, K. (1990). Effect of design and kinematic parameters of rotary cultivators on soil structure. Soil and Tillage Research. 17:291-301. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-1987(90)90042-C
- Gopal, U.S., & Shyam, R.K. (2012). Design optimization in rotary tillage tool system components by computer aided engineering analysis. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Dev. 3: 20-25.
- Krutz, G. (2006). Design of agricultural machinery. New York: John Wiley and Sons Press.
- Lee, K. S., Park, S. H., & Lee, C. S. (2003). Strip tillage characteristics of rotary tiller blades for use in a dryland direct rice seeder. Soil & Tillage Research. 71:25-32. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-1987(02)00159-9
- Matin, M.A., Fielke, J.M., & Desbiolles, M. A. (2015). Torque and energy characteristics for strip-tillage cultivation when cutting furrows using three designs of rotary blade. Bio-systems Engineering. 129:329-340. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2014.11.008
- Ramesh, P., Bhimwal, J.P., & Choudhary, S. (2015). Effect of ?–ratio and depth of cut on draft, fuel consumption, power consumption and field efficiency of an offset rotavator under different type of orchards. Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology. 3(2):77-83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.9734/JABB/2015/16396
- Sahay, C.S., Thomas, E.V., & Satapathy, K.K. (2009). Performance evaluation of a novel power tiller-operated oscillatory tillage implement for dry land tillage. Bio System Engineering.102:385–391. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2008.10.011
- Salokhe, V. M., & Ramalingam, N. (2001). Effects of direction of rotation of a rotary tiller on properties of Bangkok clay soil. Soil and Tillage research. 63: 65-74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-1987(01)00235-5
- Sharda, A., & Singh, S. (2004). Effects of selected parameters on field performance of rotary tiller. Journal of Institution of Engineers. 85: 21-25.
- Shiva, B., Gursahib, S.M., Apoorv, P., & Dixit, A.(2014). Effect of Blade Shape and Rotor Speed of Rotavator on Pulverization and Mixing Quality of Soil. Agricultural Engineering Today, 38(4):25-30.
- Sinha, J.P. and Ram, R.B. (1998). Performance of tillage tools energy on energy basis. IE (I). Soil Dynamics Research Committee Journal-AG. 78(1):38-40.
- Sirisak, C., & Niyamapa Tanya. (2010). Variations of torque and specific tilling energy for different rotary blades. International Agricultural Engineering Journal. 19(3): 1-13.
- Surendra, S. (2007). Farm machinery– Principles and applications. Directorate of Information and Publications on Agriculture, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi.
- Topakci, M., Celik, H. K., & Yilmaz, D. (2008). Stress analysis on transmission gears of a rotary tiller using finite element method. Akendiz Ünivresitesi Ziraat Fakultesi Dergisi, 21(2): 155-160.
References
Ade, G., & Pezzi, F.(1999). Tests on rotary tillers equipped with different blades. Agric. Engg, Abstracts. 14(12):495.
Anonymous. (2011). Punjab Agricultural Handbook. Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana.
Culpin, C. (1981).Farm machinery, 10th Edn., Spain: Granada Technical Books Press. Kosutic.
Destan, M.F., & Houmy, K. (1990). Effect of design and kinematic parameters of rotary cultivators on soil structure. Soil and Tillage Research. 17:291-301. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-1987(90)90042-C
Gopal, U.S., & Shyam, R.K. (2012). Design optimization in rotary tillage tool system components by computer aided engineering analysis. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Dev. 3: 20-25.
Krutz, G. (2006). Design of agricultural machinery. New York: John Wiley and Sons Press.
Lee, K. S., Park, S. H., & Lee, C. S. (2003). Strip tillage characteristics of rotary tiller blades for use in a dryland direct rice seeder. Soil & Tillage Research. 71:25-32. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-1987(02)00159-9
Matin, M.A., Fielke, J.M., & Desbiolles, M. A. (2015). Torque and energy characteristics for strip-tillage cultivation when cutting furrows using three designs of rotary blade. Bio-systems Engineering. 129:329-340. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2014.11.008
Ramesh, P., Bhimwal, J.P., & Choudhary, S. (2015). Effect of ?–ratio and depth of cut on draft, fuel consumption, power consumption and field efficiency of an offset rotavator under different type of orchards. Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology. 3(2):77-83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.9734/JABB/2015/16396
Sahay, C.S., Thomas, E.V., & Satapathy, K.K. (2009). Performance evaluation of a novel power tiller-operated oscillatory tillage implement for dry land tillage. Bio System Engineering.102:385–391. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2008.10.011
Salokhe, V. M., & Ramalingam, N. (2001). Effects of direction of rotation of a rotary tiller on properties of Bangkok clay soil. Soil and Tillage research. 63: 65-74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-1987(01)00235-5
Sharda, A., & Singh, S. (2004). Effects of selected parameters on field performance of rotary tiller. Journal of Institution of Engineers. 85: 21-25.
Shiva, B., Gursahib, S.M., Apoorv, P., & Dixit, A.(2014). Effect of Blade Shape and Rotor Speed of Rotavator on Pulverization and Mixing Quality of Soil. Agricultural Engineering Today, 38(4):25-30.
Sinha, J.P. and Ram, R.B. (1998). Performance of tillage tools energy on energy basis. IE (I). Soil Dynamics Research Committee Journal-AG. 78(1):38-40.
Sirisak, C., & Niyamapa Tanya. (2010). Variations of torque and specific tilling energy for different rotary blades. International Agricultural Engineering Journal. 19(3): 1-13.
Surendra, S. (2007). Farm machinery– Principles and applications. Directorate of Information and Publications on Agriculture, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi.
Topakci, M., Celik, H. K., & Yilmaz, D. (2008). Stress analysis on transmission gears of a rotary tiller using finite element method. Akendiz Ünivresitesi Ziraat Fakultesi Dergisi, 21(2): 155-160.