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Abstract
The present study was designed to test whether the precursor of serotonin (i.e.5-HTP) and dopamine (i.e. L-DOPA) can influence Body weight and certain hematological constitutes (i.e. blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and serum protein) in streptozotocin induced diabetic mice. In the study, animals were divided into 6 groups. After 10 days at the termination of experiment body weight and blood glucose taken. Blood was collected from left ventricle and deposited to pathology for haematological analysis (i.e. blood Glucose, glycosylated heamoglobin, serum protein, triglyceride total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDC-cholesterol, and VLDL-cholesterol). Statistical analysis were done with the help of student’s ‘t’ test followed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The result of the present study suggest that peripheral administration of 5-HTP (a precursor of serotonin) and L-DOPA (a precursor of dopamine) influences the body weight gain and lipid profile (i.e. triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol , LDL-Cholesterol, VLDC-cholesterol) in streptozotocin induce diabetic mice. The finding of the present study supports the concept that insulin alone does not fully control diabetes. Other chemical substance like neurotransmitter/hormones may involve in controlling the diabetes.
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References
- Ahren, B., and Lundquist, I 1985. Pharmacology 30, 71-82.
- Ahren, B. 2000. Diabetologia 43, 393-410.
- Arison R.N., Ciaccio E.I., Glitzer M.S., C. Assaro A.B. 1967. Light and electron microscopy of lesions in rates rendered diabetic with streptozotocin. Diabetes 16:51-56.
- Axelrod, J. 1974. The pineal gland: a neurochemical transducer. Science, 184: 1341-1348.
- Ball, J.N. 1981. Hypothalamic control of the parsdistalis in fishes, amphibians and reptiles. Gen. Comp. Endocrinology., 44:135-170.
- Belush LI, Reid SG 1991. Altered behavior and neurochemistry during short-term insulin withdrawal in streptozocin induced diabetic rats. Diabetes 40:217-222.
- Bradberry C.W., Karasic, D.H., Deutch, A.Y., Roth, R.H. 1989. Regionally-specific alterations in mesotelencephalic dopamine synthesis in diabetic rats: Association with precursor tyrosine. J Neural Transm 78:221-229.
- Callier, S., Snapyan, M., Crom, S., Prou, D., Vincent, J.D., and Vernier, P. 2003. Bio. Cell 95, 489-502.
- Dunn, J.S., Sheehan, H.L. and McLethie, N.G.B. 1943. Necrosis of islets of Langerhans produced experimentally. Lancet, 1:484
- Fenwick, J.C. 1970. Brain serotonin and swimming activity in goldfish, Carassiusauratus. Comp. Biochem., 32: 803-806.
- Freeman, M.E., Kanyicska, B., Lerant, A., and Nagy, G. 2000. physiol. Rev. 80, 1523-1631
- Henquin, J.C. 2000. Diabetes 49, 1751-1760.
- Herr, R.R., Eble, T.E. Bergy, M.E. and Jahnke, H.K. 1959. Isolation and characterization of streptozotocin. Antibiot.Annu, 7:236.
- Hery, M., Dusticier, G., Faudon, M., Barrit, M.C. and herr, F. 1980. Etude cimetique du metabolism de la 5-HT dans le nouyausuprachiasmatique de nat. Incidence Neuroendocrine. J. Physiol. (Paris), 77: 497-500.
- Pan, J.T. 1996. Neuroendocrine functions of dopamine. In: CNS Neurotransmitter and Nuromodulators, Stone, T.W. Ed: Dopamine. Boca Raton, CRS Press, 213-232.
- Hoglinger, G.U., Rizk, P., Muriel, M.P., Duyckaerts, C., Oertel, W.H., Caille, L., and Hirsch, E.C. (2004) Nat. Neurosci. 7, 726-735.
- Hohenegger M, Rudas B 1971. Kidney functions in experimental diabetic ketosis. Diabetologia 17:334-338.
- Holmes, R.L. and Ball, J.N. 1974. The pituitary gland: A Comparative Account, Cambridge University Press, and Cambridge, Mass.
- Koeing, R.J. and Cerami, A. 1975. Synthesis of hemoglobin A1c in normal and diabetic mice: Potential model of basement membrane thickening. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., U.S.A., 72:3687-3691.
- Lackovic Z, Salkovic M, Kuci Z, Relja M 1990. Effect of long lasting diabetes mellitus on rat and human brain monoamines. J Neuro chemical. 54: 143-147.
- Lang, J. 1999. Eur. J. Biochem. 259, 3-17.
- Lozovsky D, Seller CF, Kopin IJ 1981. Dopamine receptor binding in increased in diabetic rats. Science 214: 1031-1033.
- Mabry, P.D. and Campbell, B.A. 1973. Serotonergic inhibition of catecholamine induced behavioral arousal. Brain Res., 46: 381-391.
- McCall Al 1992. Perspective in diabetes: The impact of diabetes on the CNS. Diabetes 41:557-570.
References
Ahren, B., and Lundquist, I 1985. Pharmacology 30, 71-82.
Ahren, B. 2000. Diabetologia 43, 393-410.
Arison R.N., Ciaccio E.I., Glitzer M.S., C. Assaro A.B. 1967. Light and electron microscopy of lesions in rates rendered diabetic with streptozotocin. Diabetes 16:51-56.
Axelrod, J. 1974. The pineal gland: a neurochemical transducer. Science, 184: 1341-1348.
Ball, J.N. 1981. Hypothalamic control of the parsdistalis in fishes, amphibians and reptiles. Gen. Comp. Endocrinology., 44:135-170.
Belush LI, Reid SG 1991. Altered behavior and neurochemistry during short-term insulin withdrawal in streptozocin induced diabetic rats. Diabetes 40:217-222.
Bradberry C.W., Karasic, D.H., Deutch, A.Y., Roth, R.H. 1989. Regionally-specific alterations in mesotelencephalic dopamine synthesis in diabetic rats: Association with precursor tyrosine. J Neural Transm 78:221-229.
Callier, S., Snapyan, M., Crom, S., Prou, D., Vincent, J.D., and Vernier, P. 2003. Bio. Cell 95, 489-502.
Dunn, J.S., Sheehan, H.L. and McLethie, N.G.B. 1943. Necrosis of islets of Langerhans produced experimentally. Lancet, 1:484
Fenwick, J.C. 1970. Brain serotonin and swimming activity in goldfish, Carassiusauratus. Comp. Biochem., 32: 803-806.
Freeman, M.E., Kanyicska, B., Lerant, A., and Nagy, G. 2000. physiol. Rev. 80, 1523-1631
Henquin, J.C. 2000. Diabetes 49, 1751-1760.
Herr, R.R., Eble, T.E. Bergy, M.E. and Jahnke, H.K. 1959. Isolation and characterization of streptozotocin. Antibiot.Annu, 7:236.
Hery, M., Dusticier, G., Faudon, M., Barrit, M.C. and herr, F. 1980. Etude cimetique du metabolism de la 5-HT dans le nouyausuprachiasmatique de nat. Incidence Neuroendocrine. J. Physiol. (Paris), 77: 497-500.
Pan, J.T. 1996. Neuroendocrine functions of dopamine. In: CNS Neurotransmitter and Nuromodulators, Stone, T.W. Ed: Dopamine. Boca Raton, CRS Press, 213-232.
Hoglinger, G.U., Rizk, P., Muriel, M.P., Duyckaerts, C., Oertel, W.H., Caille, L., and Hirsch, E.C. (2004) Nat. Neurosci. 7, 726-735.
Hohenegger M, Rudas B 1971. Kidney functions in experimental diabetic ketosis. Diabetologia 17:334-338.
Holmes, R.L. and Ball, J.N. 1974. The pituitary gland: A Comparative Account, Cambridge University Press, and Cambridge, Mass.
Koeing, R.J. and Cerami, A. 1975. Synthesis of hemoglobin A1c in normal and diabetic mice: Potential model of basement membrane thickening. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., U.S.A., 72:3687-3691.
Lackovic Z, Salkovic M, Kuci Z, Relja M 1990. Effect of long lasting diabetes mellitus on rat and human brain monoamines. J Neuro chemical. 54: 143-147.
Lang, J. 1999. Eur. J. Biochem. 259, 3-17.
Lozovsky D, Seller CF, Kopin IJ 1981. Dopamine receptor binding in increased in diabetic rats. Science 214: 1031-1033.
Mabry, P.D. and Campbell, B.A. 1973. Serotonergic inhibition of catecholamine induced behavioral arousal. Brain Res., 46: 381-391.
McCall Al 1992. Perspective in diabetes: The impact of diabetes on the CNS. Diabetes 41:557-570.