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Abstract
Contact dermatitis was induced in mice by injecting various concentrations of calcium chromate through subcutaneous route. Leucocyte response in these experimental mice was assessed on the basis of increase/decrease in total and differential counts which significantly differed as compared to those of respective controls. Total leucocyte counts increased significantly. A remarkable increase was also observed in lymphocyte, monocyte and eosinophil counts. Neutrophil and basophil counts decreased in the test groups. It emphasizes that contact dermatitis induced by chromium is delayed hypersensitivity reaction and is mediated through the sensitized cells. Pharmacological mediators released following degranulation of these cells play an important role in allergic reactions.
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References
- ATSDR 1989. Agency for Toxic Substance and Disease Registry.Toxicological profile of chromium prepared by syracuse research corporation. U.S. public health service.ATSDR 88/10
- Daugherty, M.L. I992. Toxicity summary for chromium Chemical Hazard Evaluation and Communication Group, Biomedical and Environmental Information Analysis Section. Health and Safety Research Division, Oak Ridge, Tannessee
- Edmundson, W.P. 1951. Chrome ulcer of skin and nasal septum and their relation to patch testing. 1. Invest. Dermato 17: 17-19
- EHC-61- Environmental Health Criteria 61 1988. International Programme on Chemical Safety. WHO Publication, 17-18.
- Fregert, S. 1975.Occupational dermatitis in a 10-years material. Contact Dermatit.,1 : 96-107.
- Glaser, U., D. Hochrainer, H. Kloppel and H. Kuhnen 1985.Low level Chromium VI inhalation effects on alveolar macro phages and immune functions in Wistar rats. Arch. Toxicol., 57:250-256.
- Harold, Varley 1988. In: Practical Clinical Biochemistry. 4th Edition, CBS Publishers, New Delhi.
- Kaskhedikar, P. 1990. Effect of malathion exposure to" the intestinal eosinophilic response of albino mice experimentally infected with Hymenolepisnana, 1. Hydrobio/., VI(J) : 7-9.
- Kaskhedikar, P, L. FernancRz, D. Chaskar and R. Chaskar 1993. Intestinal histopathological changes in Cysticercosis during experimental Hymenolepis nana infection in albino mice.Indian J Parasitol.17(2) 165-167.
- Katiyar, J.C. and Sen, A.B. 1970.Occurrence of histamine in the intestine of rats harbouring cysticercoids of Hymenolepis nana. Indian J. Expt. Biol., 8, 191-193.
- Kvitko, E. 2001. Occupational contact dermatitis in the tanning industry. Contact Dermatitis, 45, 256-259.
- Luster, M.I., Simeonov, P., Gallucci, R., Matheson, J., Yucesoy, D. and Sugawara, T. 2000.Overview of immunotoxicology and current application to respiratory diseases.Immunopharmacology , 43(3), 311-312.
- Miyazato, T., Furukawa, T. and Inove, T. 1979. Intestinal pathology associated with primary and secondary infection of Hymenolepis nana in mice. Jpn. J. Parasitol, 28(4), 185-196.
- Raj Gopal, G. and Ramakrishnan, S. 1983. Practical biochemistry for medical students. Ed.1, Published by Orient Longman Ltd., Hyderabad.
- Shrivastava, R., Upreti, R.K., Seth, P.K. and Chaturvedi, U.C. 2002.Effect of chromium on the immune system. Federation of European Microbiological Societies.Immunology and Medical Microbiology, published by Elsevier Science V.V., 34, 1-7.
References
ATSDR 1989. Agency for Toxic Substance and Disease Registry.Toxicological profile of chromium prepared by syracuse research corporation. U.S. public health service.ATSDR 88/10
Daugherty, M.L. I992. Toxicity summary for chromium Chemical Hazard Evaluation and Communication Group, Biomedical and Environmental Information Analysis Section. Health and Safety Research Division, Oak Ridge, Tannessee
Edmundson, W.P. 1951. Chrome ulcer of skin and nasal septum and their relation to patch testing. 1. Invest. Dermato 17: 17-19
EHC-61- Environmental Health Criteria 61 1988. International Programme on Chemical Safety. WHO Publication, 17-18.
Fregert, S. 1975.Occupational dermatitis in a 10-years material. Contact Dermatit.,1 : 96-107.
Glaser, U., D. Hochrainer, H. Kloppel and H. Kuhnen 1985.Low level Chromium VI inhalation effects on alveolar macro phages and immune functions in Wistar rats. Arch. Toxicol., 57:250-256.
Harold, Varley 1988. In: Practical Clinical Biochemistry. 4th Edition, CBS Publishers, New Delhi.
Kaskhedikar, P. 1990. Effect of malathion exposure to" the intestinal eosinophilic response of albino mice experimentally infected with Hymenolepisnana, 1. Hydrobio/., VI(J) : 7-9.
Kaskhedikar, P, L. FernancRz, D. Chaskar and R. Chaskar 1993. Intestinal histopathological changes in Cysticercosis during experimental Hymenolepis nana infection in albino mice.Indian J Parasitol.17(2) 165-167.
Katiyar, J.C. and Sen, A.B. 1970.Occurrence of histamine in the intestine of rats harbouring cysticercoids of Hymenolepis nana. Indian J. Expt. Biol., 8, 191-193.
Kvitko, E. 2001. Occupational contact dermatitis in the tanning industry. Contact Dermatitis, 45, 256-259.
Luster, M.I., Simeonov, P., Gallucci, R., Matheson, J., Yucesoy, D. and Sugawara, T. 2000.Overview of immunotoxicology and current application to respiratory diseases.Immunopharmacology , 43(3), 311-312.
Miyazato, T., Furukawa, T. and Inove, T. 1979. Intestinal pathology associated with primary and secondary infection of Hymenolepis nana in mice. Jpn. J. Parasitol, 28(4), 185-196.
Raj Gopal, G. and Ramakrishnan, S. 1983. Practical biochemistry for medical students. Ed.1, Published by Orient Longman Ltd., Hyderabad.
Shrivastava, R., Upreti, R.K., Seth, P.K. and Chaturvedi, U.C. 2002.Effect of chromium on the immune system. Federation of European Microbiological Societies.Immunology and Medical Microbiology, published by Elsevier Science V.V., 34, 1-7.