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Abstract
Mass mortality of fish was observed in the morning on 02-02-2011 in winter monomictic Surinsar lake, Jammu and has been reported. Maximum count of dead fish was shared by Puntius spp. (P. ticto, P. conchonius and P. sophore). Other dead fishes of family Cyprinidae include Rasbora rasbora, Esomus danrica and Cyprinus carpio communis. A few dead specimens of air breathing Heteropneustes fossilis and Channa punctatus were also seen. In the present paper, possible causes of fish kill have been described.
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References
- APHA, 1998.Standard methods for examination of water and waste water 14th ed. American Public Health Association, New York.
- Banerjea, S. and Motwani, M.P. 1960. Some observations on pollution of the Suvaon stream by the effluents of a sugar factory Balrampur (U.P.).Indian J. Fish.7: 107-128.
- Banerjea, S., Motwani, M.P. and Karamchandani, S.J. 1956. A case of heavy fish mortality in the River Son a Dehri on sone, Bihar caused by the wastes of the Rohtas Industries Ltd. ,Dalmianagar. Indian J. Fish3: 186-196.
- Beamish, R.J. and Harvey, H.H. 1972.Acidification of the La Cloche mountain lakes, Ontario and resulting fish mortality J. Fisheries Resources Board of Canada.29 (8): 1131-1143.
- Bhagat, M.J., Dwivedi, S.N. and Bohra, O.P. 1979. A note on the fish mortality in Powailake, Bombay. Geobios5: 180-181.
- Down to Earth 2002. Fishy deaths. Mystery shrouds large-scale fish fatalities in the Yamuna, with conflicting official theories being floated. Down to Earth, July 15th : 7-8.
- Dutta, S.P.S., Kaul, V., Sharma, J. and Kaur, H. 1997. An incidence of fish kill in Behlolnullah, a tributary of river Tawi, Jammu, J&K. J. Env. Biol. 18(3):263-266.
- Ganapati, S.V. and Alikunhi, K.H. 1950. Factory effluents from the Mettur dam, Madras and their pollution effects on the fisheries of the River Cauvery. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. , India. 16: 189-200.
- Ganapati, S.V. and Chacko, P.I. 1951. An investigation of the River Godavari and the effect of paper mills pollution at Rajamoundary.Proc. Indo-Pacific Fish.Coun.3: 70-74.
- Hingorani, H.G., Rao, K.M. and RaoRamachandran R. 1977. An attempt to study pollution and fish mortality in HussainSagarreservoir in Hyderabad. J. Indian Fish. Assoc.3&4(1&2): 74
- Hurst, T.P. 2007. Causes and consequences of winter mortality in fishes Journal of Fish Biology71(2): 315–345
- Khan, M.A. and Hussain, M.A. 1976.Preliminary observations on pollution of HussainSagar Lake caused by industrial effluent Indian.J. Environ. Health.18(3): 227-232.
- Malhotra, Y.R. , Jyoti, M.K. and Sehgal. H. 1979. Causes of size and sex restricted kill of Puntiusconchonius in a subtrophical lake in Jammu. Ind. J. Exp. Biol. ,17 (8): 836-837.
- Moore, W.G. 1942. Field studies on the oxygen requirements of certain fresh water fishes. Ecology, 23:317-329.
- Pandita, R.N.2005. Survey report on fisheries resources of District Udhampur. Department of Fisheries J and K Govt. 52-60.
- Powers, E.B. 1938. Factors involved in the Mortality of fishes, trans. Am. Fish. Soc. ,67: 271-281.
- Powers, E.B. 1939. Chemical Factors Affecting the Migratory Movements and the pacific Salmon. In the Migration and conservation of Salmon Publ. A.A.A.S., No. 8, pp. 72-85.
- Rao, K.V.R. , Pandey, A.K. and Pandey, P. 1989-1990. An instance of major fish kill (Notopterus notopterus) in HussainSagar (Lake) on 24th April), 1990. Matsya ,15 and 16 : 164:167.
- Ruparelia, S.G. ,Verma, Y., Mehta, N.S., Saiyed, S.R. and Ramprasad, T.N. 1986. An episode of massive fish mortality in Lake Kankariya- A case study and follow up surveillance.Indian J. Ecol. 13: 10-14.
- Ruuhijarvi, J., Rask, M., Vesala, S., Westermark, A., Olin, M., Keskitalo, J. and Lehtovaara, A. 2010. Recovery of the fish community and changes in the lower trophic levels in a eutropic lake after winter kill of fish. Hydrobiologia 645:145-158.
- Sanzi, N. 1981.Fish mortality in Bawaria in 1979. Fisher Teichwirt. 32: 136-139.
- Sharma, K.P. ,Kakkar, V.K. and Pathan, S.D. 1985. Effects of Industrial effluents on fishes in Kota, Rajasthan, India.Intl. J. Acad. Icthyol. (Proc. V. AISI) 6: 141-144.
- Wanganeo, A., Pani, S., Nandan, M.J. and Suresh, I.V. 1994. Incidence of fish mortality in lower lake of Bhopal Geobios 21(2):145-146
- Welch, P.S. 1951. Limnology.Reprint 2010.Narendra Publishing House, delhi – 110006 (India).
References
APHA, 1998.Standard methods for examination of water and waste water 14th ed. American Public Health Association, New York.
Banerjea, S. and Motwani, M.P. 1960. Some observations on pollution of the Suvaon stream by the effluents of a sugar factory Balrampur (U.P.).Indian J. Fish.7: 107-128.
Banerjea, S., Motwani, M.P. and Karamchandani, S.J. 1956. A case of heavy fish mortality in the River Son a Dehri on sone, Bihar caused by the wastes of the Rohtas Industries Ltd. ,Dalmianagar. Indian J. Fish3: 186-196.
Beamish, R.J. and Harvey, H.H. 1972.Acidification of the La Cloche mountain lakes, Ontario and resulting fish mortality J. Fisheries Resources Board of Canada.29 (8): 1131-1143.
Bhagat, M.J., Dwivedi, S.N. and Bohra, O.P. 1979. A note on the fish mortality in Powailake, Bombay. Geobios5: 180-181.
Down to Earth 2002. Fishy deaths. Mystery shrouds large-scale fish fatalities in the Yamuna, with conflicting official theories being floated. Down to Earth, July 15th : 7-8.
Dutta, S.P.S., Kaul, V., Sharma, J. and Kaur, H. 1997. An incidence of fish kill in Behlolnullah, a tributary of river Tawi, Jammu, J&K. J. Env. Biol. 18(3):263-266.
Ganapati, S.V. and Alikunhi, K.H. 1950. Factory effluents from the Mettur dam, Madras and their pollution effects on the fisheries of the River Cauvery. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. , India. 16: 189-200.
Ganapati, S.V. and Chacko, P.I. 1951. An investigation of the River Godavari and the effect of paper mills pollution at Rajamoundary.Proc. Indo-Pacific Fish.Coun.3: 70-74.
Hingorani, H.G., Rao, K.M. and RaoRamachandran R. 1977. An attempt to study pollution and fish mortality in HussainSagarreservoir in Hyderabad. J. Indian Fish. Assoc.3&4(1&2): 74
Hurst, T.P. 2007. Causes and consequences of winter mortality in fishes Journal of Fish Biology71(2): 315–345
Khan, M.A. and Hussain, M.A. 1976.Preliminary observations on pollution of HussainSagar Lake caused by industrial effluent Indian.J. Environ. Health.18(3): 227-232.
Malhotra, Y.R. , Jyoti, M.K. and Sehgal. H. 1979. Causes of size and sex restricted kill of Puntiusconchonius in a subtrophical lake in Jammu. Ind. J. Exp. Biol. ,17 (8): 836-837.
Moore, W.G. 1942. Field studies on the oxygen requirements of certain fresh water fishes. Ecology, 23:317-329.
Pandita, R.N.2005. Survey report on fisheries resources of District Udhampur. Department of Fisheries J and K Govt. 52-60.
Powers, E.B. 1938. Factors involved in the Mortality of fishes, trans. Am. Fish. Soc. ,67: 271-281.
Powers, E.B. 1939. Chemical Factors Affecting the Migratory Movements and the pacific Salmon. In the Migration and conservation of Salmon Publ. A.A.A.S., No. 8, pp. 72-85.
Rao, K.V.R. , Pandey, A.K. and Pandey, P. 1989-1990. An instance of major fish kill (Notopterus notopterus) in HussainSagar (Lake) on 24th April), 1990. Matsya ,15 and 16 : 164:167.
Ruparelia, S.G. ,Verma, Y., Mehta, N.S., Saiyed, S.R. and Ramprasad, T.N. 1986. An episode of massive fish mortality in Lake Kankariya- A case study and follow up surveillance.Indian J. Ecol. 13: 10-14.
Ruuhijarvi, J., Rask, M., Vesala, S., Westermark, A., Olin, M., Keskitalo, J. and Lehtovaara, A. 2010. Recovery of the fish community and changes in the lower trophic levels in a eutropic lake after winter kill of fish. Hydrobiologia 645:145-158.
Sanzi, N. 1981.Fish mortality in Bawaria in 1979. Fisher Teichwirt. 32: 136-139.
Sharma, K.P. ,Kakkar, V.K. and Pathan, S.D. 1985. Effects of Industrial effluents on fishes in Kota, Rajasthan, India.Intl. J. Acad. Icthyol. (Proc. V. AISI) 6: 141-144.
Wanganeo, A., Pani, S., Nandan, M.J. and Suresh, I.V. 1994. Incidence of fish mortality in lower lake of Bhopal Geobios 21(2):145-146
Welch, P.S. 1951. Limnology.Reprint 2010.Narendra Publishing House, delhi – 110006 (India).