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Abstract
Status of medicinal plants of an oak forest in Arakot-Khadikhal area of Chamba block of Tehri district were analysed on the bases of the quantitative data collected (during August 2000 to July 2002) from different slope sites. The study area is belonging to mid-montane forest of Garhwal Himalaya rich with a number of medicinal plants. 155 species of medicinal importance were observed as common, 110 rare, 30 frequent, 17 escape from cultivation and 6 endangered. Most of the rare and endangered plant species of the present investigation have been recorded as rare or endangered in the flora of District Garhwal. Over-exploited species of medicinal importance was 18. Endangered or rare medicinal plants must be conserved with the help of in-situ and ex-situ conservation methods.
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References
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- Dangwal, L.R., Rawat, D.S. and R.D. Gaur 1995. Some rare and interesting plants of Fabaceae from Garhwal Himalaya. Ind. J. For., 18 : 225-257.
- Gaur, R.D. 1999. Flora of the District Garhwal North-West Himalaya (with Ethnobotanical notes). TransMedia, Srinagar (Garhwal).
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- Gaur, R.D., Dangwal, L.R. and D.S. Rawat 1994. Some rare plants of Fabaceae from Garhwal Himalaya. Ind. J. For., 17(1) : 80-83.
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- Kala, C.P. 1998. Ethnobotanical Survey and Propogation of Rare Medicinal Herbs from Farmers in the Buffer Zone of Valley of Flowers National Parks, Garhwal Himalaya. Report Submitted to International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), Kathmandu & Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun.
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- Lucas, G.Li and S. Synge 1978. IUCN Plant Red Data Book. Gland, Switzerland.
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- Pandey, N.K., Tewari, K.C., Tewari, R.N., Joshi, G.C., Pande, V.N. and G. Pandey 1993. Medicinal plants of Kumaun Himalaya and strategies for conservation. In : U.Dhar (ed.), Himalayan Biodiversity : Conservation Strategies. G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Env. and Dev., Kosi, Almora.
- Rajwar, G.S. 1982. Endangered or rare plants of Garhwal and Kumaun Himalaya. Himal. J. Sci., 2: 38-40.
- Rajwar, G.S. 1984. Exploitation of medicinal plants of Garhwal Himalaya. Sci. & Environ., 6 : 37-41.
- Rajwar, G.S. 1989. Human impact on the forests of Garhwal Himalayas. In : Ram Prakash (ed.), Advances in Forestry Research in India. International Book Distributors, Dehradun, pp. 229-241.
- Rao, R.R. 1994. Bio-diversity in India (Floristic Aspect). Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun.
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- Rawat, D.S., Bhandari, B.S. and R.D. Gaur 2001. Vegetational Wealth. In : O.P. Kandari and O.P. Gusain (eds.), Garhwal Himalaya : Nature, Culture & Society. TransMedia, Srinagar (Garhwal), pp. 125-148.
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- Sharma, A. 1998. Biodiversity of medicinal and aromatic plants of Western Himalaya, their utilization and strategies for conservation. In : B.D. Sharma and Tej Kumar (eds.), Himalayan Natural Resourses : Eco-Threats and Restoration Study. Indus Publishing Company, New Delhi, pp. 121-159.
- Sharma, A.K. and R.P. Khali 1998. Diversity of medicinal flora of Chamoli district of Garhwal Himalaya. In : B.D. Sharma and Tej Kumar (eds.), Himalayan Natural Resourses : Eco-Threats and Restoration Study. Indus Publishing Company, New Delhi, pp. 353-376.
- Silas, R.A. and R.D. Gaur 1986. Notes on distribution of rare and little known Carex ligulata Nees from North-west Himalaya. J. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc., 82 : 467-468.
- Singh, V.K. 1993. Exploitation and threat to some medicinal plants and folk drugs of Garhwal and Kumaon regions of Uttar Pradesh, India. In : U. Dhar (ed.), Himalayan Biodiversity : Conservation Strategies. G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Envir. and Dev., Kosi, Almora.
- Sinha, R.L. 1982. Industrial potential and planned exploitation of Indian medicinal plants in relation of hill eco-types in U.P. In : G.S. Paliwal (ed.), The Vegetation Wealth of the Himalayas, Puja Publishers, Delhi, pp. 241-245.
- Uniyal, B.P. and C.L. Malhotra 1982. Economic exploitation of rare North-western Himalayan plants. In : G.S. Paliwal (ed.), The Vegetation Wealth of the Himalayas. Puja Publishers, Delhi, pp. 221-267.
References
Biswas, Sas 1991. Rare and endangered flora of Eastern Himalaya and the measures for its conservation. In : G.S. Rajwar (ed.) Advances in Himalayan Ecology. Today and Tomorrow’s Printers & Pub., New Delhi, pp.267-273.
Dangwal, L.R., Rawat, D.S. and R.D. Gaur 1995. Some rare and interesting plants of Fabaceae from Garhwal Himalaya. Ind. J. For., 18 : 225-257.
Gaur, R.D. 1999. Flora of the District Garhwal North-West Himalaya (with Ethnobotanical notes). TransMedia, Srinagar (Garhwal).
Gaur, R.D. and Sukriti Raiwani 1995. A preliminary report on the threatened arborescent taxa of Garhwal Himalaya. J. Indian Bot. Soc., 74 : 283-292.
Gaur, R.D., Dangwal, L.R. and D.S. Rawat 1994. Some rare plants of Fabaceae from Garhwal Himalaya. Ind. J. For., 17(1) : 80-83.
Gaur, R.D., Rawat, D.S. and L.R. Dangwal 1993. Status of some vulnerable plant species from Garhwal Himalaya. In : U. Dhar (ed.), Himalayan Biodiversity : Conservation Strategies. G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Envir. and Dev., Kosi, Almora.
Goel, A.K. and U.C. Bhattacharya 1983. Rare flowering plants of Garhwal Himalaya. In : S.K. Jain and R.R. Rao (eds.), An Assessment of Threatened Plants of India, B.S.I., Howrah, pp. 13-17.
Kala, C.P. 1998. Ethnobotanical Survey and Propogation of Rare Medicinal Herbs from Farmers in the Buffer Zone of Valley of Flowers National Parks, Garhwal Himalaya. Report Submitted to International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), Kathmandu & Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun.
Khoshoo, T.N. 1992. Plant Diversity in the Himalaya : Conservation and Utilization. G.B. Pant Inst. of Himalayan Environment and Development, Kosi, Almora.
Lucas, G.Li and S. Synge 1978. IUCN Plant Red Data Book. Gland, Switzerland.
Nautiyal, S., Maikhuri, R.K., Rao, K.S. and K.G. Saxena 2001. Medicinal plant resources in Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve in the Central Himalayas. J. Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants, 8(4) : 47-64.
Nayar, M.P. and A.R.K. Sastry 1987-90. Red Data Book of Indian Plants. Vols. I-III. B.S.I., Calcutta.
Pandey, N.K., Tewari, K.C., Tewari, R.N., Joshi, G.C., Pande, V.N. and G. Pandey 1993. Medicinal plants of Kumaun Himalaya and strategies for conservation. In : U.Dhar (ed.), Himalayan Biodiversity : Conservation Strategies. G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Env. and Dev., Kosi, Almora.
Rajwar, G.S. 1982. Endangered or rare plants of Garhwal and Kumaun Himalaya. Himal. J. Sci., 2: 38-40.
Rajwar, G.S. 1984. Exploitation of medicinal plants of Garhwal Himalaya. Sci. & Environ., 6 : 37-41.
Rajwar, G.S. 1989. Human impact on the forests of Garhwal Himalayas. In : Ram Prakash (ed.), Advances in Forestry Research in India. International Book Distributors, Dehradun, pp. 229-241.
Rao, R.R. 1994. Bio-diversity in India (Floristic Aspect). Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun.
Rao, R.R. and B. Datt 1993. Distribution and diversity of the family Berberidaceae in the Himalaya. In : U. Dhar (ed.), Himalayan Biodiversity : Conservation Strategies. G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Envir. and Dev., Kosi, Almora, pp. 267-278.
Rawat, D.S., Bhandari, B.S. and R.D. Gaur 2001. Vegetational Wealth. In : O.P. Kandari and O.P. Gusain (eds.), Garhwal Himalaya : Nature, Culture & Society. TransMedia, Srinagar (Garhwal), pp. 125-148.
Shah, N.C. 1983. Endangered medicinal and aromatic taxa of Uttar Pradesh Himalaya. In : S.K. Jain and R.R. Rao (eds.), An Assessment of Threatened Plants of India. B.S.I., Howrah, pp. 40-49.
Shah, N.C. and L.D. Kapoor 1978. Depletive medicinal plants of Kumaon Himalayas. Jour. Res. Ind. Med. Yoga & Homoeo., 13(3 ) : 38-43.
Sharma, A. 1998. Biodiversity of medicinal and aromatic plants of Western Himalaya, their utilization and strategies for conservation. In : B.D. Sharma and Tej Kumar (eds.), Himalayan Natural Resourses : Eco-Threats and Restoration Study. Indus Publishing Company, New Delhi, pp. 121-159.
Sharma, A.K. and R.P. Khali 1998. Diversity of medicinal flora of Chamoli district of Garhwal Himalaya. In : B.D. Sharma and Tej Kumar (eds.), Himalayan Natural Resourses : Eco-Threats and Restoration Study. Indus Publishing Company, New Delhi, pp. 353-376.
Silas, R.A. and R.D. Gaur 1986. Notes on distribution of rare and little known Carex ligulata Nees from North-west Himalaya. J. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc., 82 : 467-468.
Singh, V.K. 1993. Exploitation and threat to some medicinal plants and folk drugs of Garhwal and Kumaon regions of Uttar Pradesh, India. In : U. Dhar (ed.), Himalayan Biodiversity : Conservation Strategies. G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Envir. and Dev., Kosi, Almora.
Sinha, R.L. 1982. Industrial potential and planned exploitation of Indian medicinal plants in relation of hill eco-types in U.P. In : G.S. Paliwal (ed.), The Vegetation Wealth of the Himalayas, Puja Publishers, Delhi, pp. 241-245.
Uniyal, B.P. and C.L. Malhotra 1982. Economic exploitation of rare North-western Himalayan plants. In : G.S. Paliwal (ed.), The Vegetation Wealth of the Himalayas. Puja Publishers, Delhi, pp. 221-267.