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Abstract
The current study was to examine the significance of primary productivity and phytoplankton density in semi-intensive and intensive shrimp (L. Vannamei) ponds located at Haleyangadi, Mangaluru (Taluk), Dakshina Kannada (District), Karnataka. Primary production metrics were examined biweekly throughout a span of 90 days, starting from the time of stocking to harvest (November 2021 to February 2022). A total of 8 species from 3 classes were found in semi-intensive ponds, whereas 12 species from 4 classes were identified in intensive shrimp ponds during the course of the study. The gross primary production in intensive shrimp ponds varied from 239.583 to 302.083 mg C/m3/hr. The gross primary production in semi-intensive ponds varied from 192.708 to 348.950 mg C/m3/hr. During the research period, it was noted that net productivity was quite low, suggesting that a significant proportion of the organic matter produced by photosynthesis was utilized for respiration.
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References
- Bhutiani, R. Khanna, D.R., Tyagi, Bharti, Tyagi, Prashant Kumar & Kulkarni, Dipali Bhasker (2015): Assessing environmental contamination of River Ganga using correlation and multivariate analysis. Pollution Vol 1(3):265-273.
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- Pronob D., Sagar C., Mandal S.K., Bhagabati., Akhtar M.S. & Singh S.K. (2012). Important live food organisms and their role in aquaculture. Frontiers in Aquaculture, 69-86.
- Ruhela, M., Bhardwaj, S., Gaurishankar, S. P., Ahamad, F., & Bhutiani, R. (2024). Water quality assessment of Lakhota Lake, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India, with special reference to the water quality index (WQI). Environment Conservation Journal, 25(2), 604–610. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36953/ECJ.27782024
- Steemann-Nielson, E. (1963). Productivity, definition and measurement. In: The Sea, Vol 2. M. H. Hill (ed.). Interscience, New York, pp. 129-164.
- Utojo U (2015). Plankton diversity and water conditions for intensive and traditional ponds in Probolingo, East Java. Biosfera Scientific J., 32(2): 299-306.
- Verma B.S. & Srivastava S.K (2016). Study of factors affecting phytoplankton primary productivity in a pond of Patna, Bihar, India. Nat. Env. Pollu. Tech., 15(1):291-296.
- Yang, W., Zhu, J., Zheng, C., Lukwambe, B., Nicholaus, R., LU, K. & Zheng, Z. (2020). Succession of phytoplankton community during intensive shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) cultivation and its effects on cultivation systems. Aquaculture, 5(20): 747-751. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.734733
References
Bhutiani, R. Khanna, D.R., Tyagi, Bharti, Tyagi, Prashant Kumar & Kulkarni, Dipali Bhasker (2015): Assessing environmental contamination of River Ganga using correlation and multivariate analysis. Pollution Vol 1(3):265-273.
Cao, H.S., Kong, F.X. & Luo L.C. (2011). Effects of wind and wind-induced waves on vertical phytoplankton distribution and surface blooms of microcystis aeruginosa in lake Taihu. J. Freshw. Ecol., 21(2): 231-238. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2006.9664991
Gaardar T. & Gran N.H. (1927). Investigations of the production of plankton in the Oslo Flord. Rapp. Reun. Commn int. Explore Scient. Mer. Mediterr., 42: 1-46.
Khanna, D.R. ,Bhutiani, R. & Kumar S. Chandra (2009): Effect of the euphotic depth and mixing depth on phytoplanktonic growth mechanism. International Journal of Environmental Research, 3(2):223-228.
Khanna, D.R., Bhutiani, R. & Kumar S. Chandra (2005):Modeling the effect of light on phytoplanktonic growth dynamics : A Review. Environment Conservation Journal. 6(3): 103-107. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36953/ECJ.2005.0612315
Khanna, D.R., Bhutiani, R., Matta, Gagan, Singh, Vikas & Bhadauriya, Gaurav (2012): Study of planktonic diversity of river Ganga from Devprayag to Roorkee, Uttarakhand (India). Environment Conservation Journal. Vol 13(1&2):211-217. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36953/ECJ.2012.131240
Kumar,Ashok, Khanna, D.R. & Bhutiani, (2015): Seasonal variations in physico-chemical parameters of River Beas, Himachal Pradesh with special reference to planktonic population. Environment Conservation Journal. 16(3):127-131. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36953/ECJ.2015.16319
Lohani, V., Shah, T.K., Bonika, P., Ram, R.N., Misra, V.K., Singh, C.P.J. & Krishi, V. (2020). Estimation of primary productivity of aquaculture ponds. Krishi vighyan, 85-89. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5958/2349-4433.2020.00085.9
Makmur, Rachmansyah, & Fahrur, M. (2011). The relationship between water quality and plankton in ponds. Tanjung Jabung Barat regency, Jambi province. Prosiding Forum Inovasi Technology Akuakultur. Bali, 19-21.
Nindarwi, D.D., Masithah, E.D., Zulian, D. & Suyoso, A.L.A. (2019). The dynamic relationship of phytoplankton abundance and diversity in relation to white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) feed consumption in intensive ponds. Earth Env. Sci., 236: 1-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/236/1/012072
Palupi, M., Ren, F., Rudi, W., Purwo, R. & Risa, N. (2022). Diversity of phytoplankton in the whiteleg (Litopenaeus vannamei) shrimp ponds in the south coastal area of Pangandaran, Indonesia. Biodiversita, 23(1): 118-124. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230115
Patralekh, M. & Patar, P. (2016). Estimation of Primary Productivity of Shivaganga Pond of Baidyanathdham- Deoghar, Jharkhand. Biobrio., 3(2): 166-170.
Prabhakar, V.M., Vaidya, S.P., Garud, V.S. & Swain, K.K. (2009). Trend in primary production in Khdakwasla reservoir. 13th World lake Conference, Wuhan, China. 1(2):45-49.
Pronob D., Sagar C., Mandal S.K., Bhagabati., Akhtar M.S. & Singh S.K. (2012). Important live food organisms and their role in aquaculture. Frontiers in Aquaculture, 69-86.
Ruhela, M., Bhardwaj, S., Gaurishankar, S. P., Ahamad, F., & Bhutiani, R. (2024). Water quality assessment of Lakhota Lake, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India, with special reference to the water quality index (WQI). Environment Conservation Journal, 25(2), 604–610. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36953/ECJ.27782024
Steemann-Nielson, E. (1963). Productivity, definition and measurement. In: The Sea, Vol 2. M. H. Hill (ed.). Interscience, New York, pp. 129-164.
Utojo U (2015). Plankton diversity and water conditions for intensive and traditional ponds in Probolingo, East Java. Biosfera Scientific J., 32(2): 299-306.
Verma B.S. & Srivastava S.K (2016). Study of factors affecting phytoplankton primary productivity in a pond of Patna, Bihar, India. Nat. Env. Pollu. Tech., 15(1):291-296.
Yang, W., Zhu, J., Zheng, C., Lukwambe, B., Nicholaus, R., LU, K. & Zheng, Z. (2020). Succession of phytoplankton community during intensive shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) cultivation and its effects on cultivation systems. Aquaculture, 5(20): 747-751. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.734733