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Abstract
Quality of water is an important aspect for drinking and other related requirement. Water has been the most exploited natural resource due to ever increasing demand of man for food, cloth, industrialization. In the present study effect of sugar effluent on water quality at given region in two seasonal conditions i.e. pre rainy season and post rainy season and the sampled data was analyzed separately for pH, Total dissolved solid (TDS), Nitrate, Phosphate, Dissolved oxygen (DO), Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and Chemical oxygen Demand (COD) and followed by G.I.S. to develop respective maps. It was found that the pH value was alkaline in pre rainy season and slightly acidic in post rainy season. TDS was found high in 66% area during pre rainy season and 74.6% in post rainy season above permissible limit . In pre rainy season 83.4% area and in post rainy season 98.4% area contains high electrical conductivity .In pre rainy season BOD was found more than 6mg/l in 80.9% in pre rainy season and in 84.2% area in post rainy season. COD was found above prescribed limit (>10mg/l) in 59.5%area in pre rainy season and in 93.6% area in post rainy season 33.3% area contain high phosphate in pre rainy season 46.03% area contains high phosphate in post rainy season .Nitrate was found in permissible limit in pre rainy season 46.6% area was found to contain nitrate in post rainy season 7.1% of the geographical area is having fluoride concentration more than 1.5mg/l and 28.5% area is having fluoride concentration below the normal limit .Thus 35.6% of total area is not suitable for drinking purpose.6.34% area contain fluoride above prescribed limit
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References
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References
APHA, 1992. APHA, Standard methods for estimation of water and waste water (18th edition), American Public Health Association, Washington, DC.
BIS. Drinking water specification. IS : 10500 : 1991. New Delhi, India : Bureau of Indian Standards. Central water pollution control board, Annual report, 1996-1997.
DeCoursey, D.G.1985. Mathematical models for nonpoint water pollution control. J. Soil Water Conservation. 40 : 408–413.
Handa, B.K. 1975. ‘Geochemistry and gensis of fluoride containing ground water in India’ Groundwater, 13 (3): 25-31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1975.tb03086.x
Handa, B.K., Goel, D.K., kumar, A., Singh, T.N. and Sodhi, T.N. 1982. Pollution of ground water by nitrate in Uttar Pradesh, IAWPC Tech. Annual review, 1: 95-103.
Islam, M.J., Zaman, M.W., Mahmood, R.I., and Rahman, M.S .2003.Toxicity Assessment of ground water in different Aquvifers of Khagrachari in Bangladesh. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences. 2 (3): 257-260. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3923/ajps.2003.257.260
Jenkins, A., Sloan, W.T. and Cosby, B.J. 1995. Stream chemistry in the middle hills and high mountains of the Himalayas, Nepal. Journal of Hydrology. 166: 61–79. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(94)02600-G
Singh Kunwar P., Malik Amrita, Mohan Dinesh and Sinha Sarita .2004. Multivariate statistical techniques for the evaluation of spatial and temporal variations in water quality of Gomti River (India)—a case study. Water Research. 38(18): 3980-3992. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2004.06.011
Mathur, A. and Priyakant 2005. GIS Based delineation of suitable ground water quality zones for drinking purpose: A case study of district Manpuri, U.P, Poll. Res. 24(1): 59-68.
Ministry of Health 1962. ‘Manual on water supply’GOI, New Delhi.
Powlson, D.S. 1993. Understanding the soil nitrogen cycle. Soil uses manage. 9: 86-94. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1993.tb00935.x
Rai, S.C. and Sharma, E. 1998. Hydrology and Nutrient flux in an agrarial watershed of the Sikkim Himalaya. J. soil water conservation. 53 (2): 125-132.
Srinivasan, T.G. 1959.'Removal of Fluoride from water by akali digested paddy husk carbon’, Central Public Health Engineering and Research Institute. I: 1022-1039.
Sterversen F.S.1986. The internal cycle of nitrogen of soil: carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphar, and micronutrients, Johnwiley and Sons, New York.
Valdiya, K.S. 1987. ‘Environmental Geology India Context’ Tata MC Graw - Hill, New Delhi : 479-481. WHO (World Health Organization)1993. Guidelines for drinking water quality, Vol (1), Recommendations, 2nd edition, Geneva : World health organisation.