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Abstract
A study was carried out to assess the water quality status of river Ganga with respect to physico-chemical and bacteriological characteristics at Anupshahar town (Tehsil of distt. Bulandshahar). To collect the samples. Before sampling point-B, several sewage drains discharge their effluent into river Ganga and bathing ghat activities are also held after sampling point- A. Parameters studied ranged from pH 7.0-8.97, Total Solids 112-902 mg/1,Total Dissolved Solids 90-262gm/1,Fixed Dissolved Solids 30-76mg/1,Conductivity 0.16-0781 m mhos/cm, Akalinity 59-110mg/1, Hardness 61-119mg/1,DO 9.8-12.6mg/1,BOD 1.2-5.5mg/1,COD12-35mg/1 and Total Coliform 700-24000 MPN /100ml. But out of these parameters the average values of BOD(3.483mg/1,)and total coliform bacteria (5408 MPN/100ML) at sampling point-B and BOD (2.25 mg/1,) and total coliform bacteria (3445 MPN/100 ml) at sampling point-A were obtained beyond the tolerance limits of drinking purpose. However, average values of these parameters were found higher at sampling point-B than sampling point-A which may be due to contaminations of sewage water of the town as well as bathing activities held before sampling point-B. Nature of water quality of river Ganga with respect to pH is alkaline. Present paper indicates that water quality of river Ganga is not suitable for drinking purpose with respect to BOD and bacteria within the range of study area.
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References
- APHA-AWWA-WPCF 1992 : "Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water" American Public Health Association, 18th edition,Washington DC.
- Abbasi, S.A., Khan, F.I. , Sentilvelan, K. and Shabudden, A. 1999 :"Modelling of Bunkingham Canal water quality". Indian J. Environ. Health. 41, no 3, p. 176-183.
- BIS-1991 & CPCB-1997 :"Drinking water quality standards," Bureau of Indian Standards, IS:10500.
- Khanna, D.R., Singh, Shakun., Gautam, Ashutosh. and Singh, J.P. 2003 : "Assessment of water quality of River Ganga in district-Bulandshahar (UP) India" J.Nat. Con. 15 (1) 167-175.
- Kotaiah, B and Kumaraswami, N. 1994 : Environment Engineering Laboratory Manual, Charotar Publishing House, opposite, Amul dairy, Anand, India.P-115.
- Singh J.P., Yadava, P.K. and Singh, L. 1988 : "Pollution Status of Sangam and its adjoining river before the Kumbh Mela at Allahabad". Indian J. Environmental Protection .Vol 8.(11) : 839-842.
- Singh J.P., Yadava, P.K. and Singh, L. 1989: "The assessment of water quality of Sangam and its adjoining rivers Ganga and Yamuna after Maha Kumbh Mela at a Allahabad "I.J.EP. 1(5) : 372-375.
- Singh , J.P. and Yadava, P.K. 1989 : "Mass bathing effect on water quality of Sangam during Maha Kumbh Mela at Allahabad". Indian J.Environmental Protection .Vol. 189-193.
- Singh, J.P., Yadava, P.K., Singh, Shakun and Prasad, S.C. 1991 : "BOD contamination in Kali river at Sadhu Ashram in Aligarh" I.J.E.P. 11 (5)325-326.
- Singh, J.P., Upadhyay, R. and Singh Shakun. 1994 : "A study of water quality of river Yamuna at Agra with especial reference to coliform bacteria."Res. J.P.I.ENVI. 10:53-57.
- Singh, J.P., Yadava, P.K., Singh, Shadun and Madhu, Joshi 1993 : "Assessment of BOD load in River Yamuna in respect of potable water at Agra."I.J.E.P. 13(2):119-123.
- Trivedi, R.K. and Goel, P.K.1984 : "Chemical and Biological methods for water pollution studies". Karad (India).
- WHO 1984 : Guide lines for drinking water quality world heath orgazisation, Geneva vol. 2:264.
References
APHA-AWWA-WPCF 1992 : "Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water" American Public Health Association, 18th edition,Washington DC.
Abbasi, S.A., Khan, F.I. , Sentilvelan, K. and Shabudden, A. 1999 :"Modelling of Bunkingham Canal water quality". Indian J. Environ. Health. 41, no 3, p. 176-183.
BIS-1991 & CPCB-1997 :"Drinking water quality standards," Bureau of Indian Standards, IS:10500.
Khanna, D.R., Singh, Shakun., Gautam, Ashutosh. and Singh, J.P. 2003 : "Assessment of water quality of River Ganga in district-Bulandshahar (UP) India" J.Nat. Con. 15 (1) 167-175.
Kotaiah, B and Kumaraswami, N. 1994 : Environment Engineering Laboratory Manual, Charotar Publishing House, opposite, Amul dairy, Anand, India.P-115.
Singh J.P., Yadava, P.K. and Singh, L. 1988 : "Pollution Status of Sangam and its adjoining river before the Kumbh Mela at Allahabad". Indian J. Environmental Protection .Vol 8.(11) : 839-842.
Singh J.P., Yadava, P.K. and Singh, L. 1989: "The assessment of water quality of Sangam and its adjoining rivers Ganga and Yamuna after Maha Kumbh Mela at a Allahabad "I.J.EP. 1(5) : 372-375.
Singh , J.P. and Yadava, P.K. 1989 : "Mass bathing effect on water quality of Sangam during Maha Kumbh Mela at Allahabad". Indian J.Environmental Protection .Vol. 189-193.
Singh, J.P., Yadava, P.K., Singh, Shakun and Prasad, S.C. 1991 : "BOD contamination in Kali river at Sadhu Ashram in Aligarh" I.J.E.P. 11 (5)325-326.
Singh, J.P., Upadhyay, R. and Singh Shakun. 1994 : "A study of water quality of river Yamuna at Agra with especial reference to coliform bacteria."Res. J.P.I.ENVI. 10:53-57.
Singh, J.P., Yadava, P.K., Singh, Shadun and Madhu, Joshi 1993 : "Assessment of BOD load in River Yamuna in respect of potable water at Agra."I.J.E.P. 13(2):119-123.
Trivedi, R.K. and Goel, P.K.1984 : "Chemical and Biological methods for water pollution studies". Karad (India).
WHO 1984 : Guide lines for drinking water quality world heath orgazisation, Geneva vol. 2:264.