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Abstract
Bacteriological analysis of raw water of the river Tawi, near Sitlee water treatment plant, has shown the seasonal presence of Kiebsiella. Ctrobacter, Escherichia and Pseudomonas. Total bacterial count (MPN) recorded summer (April, May). monsoon and post-monsoon (June- October) increase and winter (November, December, February) decrease. It varied between 92 and >180 during both the years of study MPN index above 10 /100 ml indicates that raw water is not suitable for drinking purposes and comes under the category of unsatisfactory. It needs proper treatment before supplied to the consumers.
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References
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References
APHA, 1998. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20 edn. American Public Health Association. 1015 Fifteenth Street, NW Washington, DC. pp: 2005-2605.
Bankar, J.M., 2004. Bacteriological characterstics bof drinking waier from public places in Satna District, Maharastra. J. Aqua. Biol., 19(2):1-6.
Begum, J., Ahmed, K. and Bora, K.N., 2003. Estimation of heterotrophic bacteria in differet source of drinking water in different seasons. Nat.Environ. Poll. Tech., 2(4): 455- 457.
Bhadra, B., Mukherjee, S., Chakraborty, R. and Nanda, K., 2003. Physico-chemical and bacteriological investigation on river Torsa of North Bengal. J. Environ. Biol., 24(2): 25-133.
Bhosle, A.B. and Rao, R., 2001. Comparative study of treated and untreated river water for potablity. Poll. Res., 20(3): 475-479.
BIS: 10500, 1991. Indian standard specificationfor drinking water IS: I 0500- 91 (Bureau of Indian Standards) New Delhi. pp: 1-4.
British Ministry of Heaith, 1957. The Bacteriological Examination of Water Supplies. Report No. 71. Ministry of helth, London, U.K.
Fokmare, A.K. and Musaddiq, M., 2001. Comparative studies of physico-chemical and bacteriological quality of surface water and ground water at Akola (Maharashtra). Poll. Res., 20(4):651-655.
Gaur, R.K., Khan, AA., Alam, A. And Alam, M.A., 2000. Bacteriological quality of river Ganga from Narora to Kannauj: a comprehensive study. Ind. J. Environ. Prot., 20(3): 165- 170.
Gupta, B.K and Gupta, R.R, 1999. Physico-chemical and biological study of drinking water in Satna., Madhya Pradesh (India). Poll. Res., 18(4): 523-525.
Koshy, M. and Nayar, T.V., 2000. Water quality of river Pamba at Kozhencherry. Poll Res.. 19(4): 665-668. Rajurkar, N.S., Nongbri, B. and Patwardhan, A.M., 2003.
Water quality status of river Umkhrah at Shillong. Intl. J. En. Prot., 23(9): 990-998.
Senior, B.W., 1989. Examination of water, milk, food and air. In: Collee, J G, Duguid, J. P, Fraser, A. G. and Marmion, B. P. ed. Mackie and McCartney Practical Medical Microbiology, 13 edn. Vol. II. Chruchill Livingstone. Edjnburgh. NY. 204-216.
Sharma, M.R., 2004. Water quality of river Beas in Hamirpur area of outer Himalayas. Poll. Res., 23(1): 41-44.
Singh, R.K., Iqbal, S.A. and Seth, P.C., 200 I. Bacteriological pollution in a stretch of river Narmada at Hoshangabad., Madhya Pradesh. Poll. Res., 20(2): 211-213.
Srivastava, R.D., 2002. /ts poison everywhere. In: Capital Story. Times of India daily (15 Apr., 2002).
Taylor, H., 2003. surface waters. In: Mara, D. and Horan, N. ed. The Handbook cf Water and Wastewater Microbiology, Academic Press, London: 6 11-626. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012470100-7/50037-6
Thakur, R.S., Bhuyan, K. and Burna., R., 2003. Potability of water of Jorhat city in terms of bacteriological quality. Ind. J. Environ. and Ecopian., 7(1): 83-86.
WHO, 1992. International Standard for Drinking Water, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Zutshi, N., 1992. Effect of Jammu city sewage water on abiotic and biotic factors of the river Tawi, Jammu. Ph.D. thesis submitted to Jammu University, Jammu (J & K), India.