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Abstract
Physiological observation on activity recovery of mercury exposed fresh water fish were done by using aquatic weeds. Five weeds constitute two floating weeds Eichhornia and Salvinia in surface layers, Chara and Hydrilla in the column layer and Vallisneria in bottom layer. Five experimental groups constituting five selected weeds were subjected to establish fish lethal concentration of mercury for a period of 48h, 96h, 144h, 192h and 240h to facilitate mercury absorption. All the data shows that mercury removal efficiency increases with increased time exposure. The present results indicate that maximum quantity of mercury was accumulated by weeds of IAMB rapidly up to 144h of exposure.
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References
- APHA, 1988. Standard method for the estimation of water and waste water. 20th Edn, New York, American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association And Water Pollution Control 1998.
- Boetius, J., 1960. Lethal action of mercuric chloride and Phenylmercuric acetate on fishes. Meddr. Danm. Fisk oge Havunders, 3: 93-115.
- Chaphekar, S.S., and Mhatre, G.N., 1981. Role of aquatic plants in Water Pollution Control.
- Gibson, A.K. and Mathis, A., 2006. Opercular beat rate for rainbow dartes (Etheostoma caerulenus) exposed to chemical stimuli from conspecific and heterospecific fishes. J. fish Biology, 69(1);224-223. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2006.01102.x
- Hughes, G.M., 1975 Coughing in the rainbow trout(Salmo gairdneri) and the influence of pollutants. Revne Suissee Zool., 82: 47-64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.78257
- IAWPC. TECH ANNUAL 8: 108-115.
- Kaiser, Jamil, 1993. The role of macrophytes in aquatic ecosystem. J. Fresh Water Biol., 5(2): 141-145.
- Kawastski, J.A. and M.C. Donald, M.J.J., 1974. Effect of 3- triflu romcrhyal 4-nitro phenolon in vitro tissues respiration of four species of fish with preliminary notes on its in vitro bio-transformation. Com Gen Pharmaco, 5: 67-70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-3623(74)80009-1
- Khanna, D.R. and Bhutiani, R., 2004. Water analysis at a glance. Pub. ASEA. pp: 1-115.
- Kumar, V. and Pandey, P.K., 2002. Oxygen consumption of parasitised fresh water air breathing fishes Channa punctatus (Bloch) of Kurhadhar, Parbatta (Khagaria) Bihar. Indian Journal of Environment and Ecoplanning, 6: 53 - 56.
- Lindhal, P.K. and Schwanbom, 1971. Methods for the determination and quatitative estimation of sub lethal poisoning in fish. Oikas, 22:210.3, 33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3543727
- Munshi, J.S.D., Sinha, A.L. and Ojha, 1976. Oxygen uptake capacity of gills and skin in relation to body weight of the air breathing siluroid fish, Clarius batrachus (Linn). Actophysicological Acadimic Scientiarum Hugaricae, 48: 23-33.
- Shrivastava, S. Rao, K.S., 1997. Observation on the utility of An Integrated Aquatic Macrophyte Base System for mercury toxicity removal. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 59: 777- 783. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s001289900548
- Shrivastava, S. and Rao, K.S., 2000. Observations on experimental assessment of optimal exposure time for mercury detoxicification by An Integrated Aquatic Macrophyte Base System. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 65: 91-97. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s0012800099
- Singh, S.R. and Singh, B.R., 1979. Changes in oxygen consumption of allaroid fish, Mystus vittatus put to different concentrations of some heavy metal salts. Ind. J. Expt., 17: 274-276.
- Suzuki, T., 1960. Neurological Symptoms from concentration of mercury in the brain .In Chemical Fall out M .V. Miller and G.G.Baug spring fielf III, Charies, C. Thomes publisher. pp: 245-256.
- Waiwood, K.G., and Jonson, P.H., 1974. Oxygen consumption and activity of the white sucker (C. Commersoni) in lethal and sublethal levels of the oranochloride insecticide, Methoxychloro.Wat Res., 401-406. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(74)90070-0
- Wolverton, B.C., Barlow, R.M., and McDonald, R.C., 1975. Application for vascular aquatic plants for pollution removal, energy and food production in biological system. NASA TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM TM – 62726: 1-5.
References
APHA, 1988. Standard method for the estimation of water and waste water. 20th Edn, New York, American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association And Water Pollution Control 1998.
Boetius, J., 1960. Lethal action of mercuric chloride and Phenylmercuric acetate on fishes. Meddr. Danm. Fisk oge Havunders, 3: 93-115.
Chaphekar, S.S., and Mhatre, G.N., 1981. Role of aquatic plants in Water Pollution Control.
Gibson, A.K. and Mathis, A., 2006. Opercular beat rate for rainbow dartes (Etheostoma caerulenus) exposed to chemical stimuli from conspecific and heterospecific fishes. J. fish Biology, 69(1);224-223. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2006.01102.x
Hughes, G.M., 1975 Coughing in the rainbow trout(Salmo gairdneri) and the influence of pollutants. Revne Suissee Zool., 82: 47-64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.78257
IAWPC. TECH ANNUAL 8: 108-115.
Kaiser, Jamil, 1993. The role of macrophytes in aquatic ecosystem. J. Fresh Water Biol., 5(2): 141-145.
Kawastski, J.A. and M.C. Donald, M.J.J., 1974. Effect of 3- triflu romcrhyal 4-nitro phenolon in vitro tissues respiration of four species of fish with preliminary notes on its in vitro bio-transformation. Com Gen Pharmaco, 5: 67-70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-3623(74)80009-1
Khanna, D.R. and Bhutiani, R., 2004. Water analysis at a glance. Pub. ASEA. pp: 1-115.
Kumar, V. and Pandey, P.K., 2002. Oxygen consumption of parasitised fresh water air breathing fishes Channa punctatus (Bloch) of Kurhadhar, Parbatta (Khagaria) Bihar. Indian Journal of Environment and Ecoplanning, 6: 53 - 56.
Lindhal, P.K. and Schwanbom, 1971. Methods for the determination and quatitative estimation of sub lethal poisoning in fish. Oikas, 22:210.3, 33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3543727
Munshi, J.S.D., Sinha, A.L. and Ojha, 1976. Oxygen uptake capacity of gills and skin in relation to body weight of the air breathing siluroid fish, Clarius batrachus (Linn). Actophysicological Acadimic Scientiarum Hugaricae, 48: 23-33.
Shrivastava, S. Rao, K.S., 1997. Observation on the utility of An Integrated Aquatic Macrophyte Base System for mercury toxicity removal. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 59: 777- 783. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s001289900548
Shrivastava, S. and Rao, K.S., 2000. Observations on experimental assessment of optimal exposure time for mercury detoxicification by An Integrated Aquatic Macrophyte Base System. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 65: 91-97. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s0012800099
Singh, S.R. and Singh, B.R., 1979. Changes in oxygen consumption of allaroid fish, Mystus vittatus put to different concentrations of some heavy metal salts. Ind. J. Expt., 17: 274-276.
Suzuki, T., 1960. Neurological Symptoms from concentration of mercury in the brain .In Chemical Fall out M .V. Miller and G.G.Baug spring fielf III, Charies, C. Thomes publisher. pp: 245-256.
Waiwood, K.G., and Jonson, P.H., 1974. Oxygen consumption and activity of the white sucker (C. Commersoni) in lethal and sublethal levels of the oranochloride insecticide, Methoxychloro.Wat Res., 401-406. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(74)90070-0
Wolverton, B.C., Barlow, R.M., and McDonald, R.C., 1975. Application for vascular aquatic plants for pollution removal, energy and food production in biological system. NASA TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM TM – 62726: 1-5.