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Abstract
Analysis of water samples for planktonic diversity has been carried out for five sampling stations of river Ganga stretched over a distance of 125 kms from Devprayag to Roorkee. The investigation was carried out for a period of one year at five different sampling sites i.e. Sampling station A (Devprayag), Sampling station B (Rishikesh), Sampling station C (Haridwar) Sampling station D ( Pul Jatwara) and Sampling station E (Roorkee). In the present study of river Ganga, Among the zooplankton, Protozoa, Rotifera, Cladocera, Copepod, Ostracods constitute the main component and in phytoplankton Diatoms were dominated and class Blue green algae, green algae was found least during study period. Majority of zooplankton shows maximum occurrence and abundance during the high salinity period.
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References
- APHA 1998. Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Waterwaste. 20th ed., American Public Healt Association, American Water Works Association, Water Environmental Federation, Washington, D.C.
- Ariyadej, C., Tansakul, R., Tansakul, P. and Angsupanich, S. 2004. Phytoplankton diversity and its relationships to the physico-chemical environment in the Banglang Reservoir, Yala Province. J. Sci. Technol., 26(5) : 595-607
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- Baghela, B. S. 2006. Studies on Biodiversity, Survival and Density of Freshwater Zooplankton in Relation to Salinity changes. Ph.D. Thesis Submitted to M.L. Sukhadia University, Udaipur.
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- Chauhan R. 1993. Seasonal fluctuation of zooplanktons in Renuka lake Himachal Pradesh. Uttar Pradesh J. Zool., 111(1): 17-20.
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- Kaushal, D. K. and Sharma, V. K. 2007. Limnology and Productivity of Selected Reservoirs of Eastern Rajasthan. Proceedings of DAE-BRNS, National Symposium on Limnology.
- Mahajan, C.L., 1981. Zooplankton as indicators for assessment of water pollution. Paper presented at WHO workshop on biological indicators and indices of environmental pollution.Cent.Bd.Prev.Cont.Poll/Osm.Univ, Hyderabad, India.
- Michels E, K. Cottenie, L. Neys and L. De Meester . 2001. Zooplankton on the move: first results on the quantification of dispersal of zooplankton in a set of interconnected ponds. Hydrobiology 442:117–126. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017549416362
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- Pandit, A., 1999. Trophic structure of plankton community in some typical wetlands of Kashmir, India. Limnological research in India, Daya publishing house. 190-224.
- Ramteke, D.S., and Moghe, C.A., 1988. Manual on water and wastewater analysis. National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur.
- Sharma, L.L., and Sarang, N., 2004. Physicochemical limnology and productivity of Jaisamand lake, Udaipur. Rajasthan. Poll.Res. 23(1): 87-92.
- Sharma, L. L. 1980. Some Limnological Aspects of Udaipur Waters in Comparison to Selected Waters of Rajasthan Ph.D. thesis Submitted to University of Udaipur.
- Solomon, I. J. J. 1994. Current Trends in Eutrophication of the Lakes Pichhola and Fatehsagar. M.Sc. Thesis Submitted to RAU, Bikaner.
- Shekhawat, P. S. 1997. Some Aspects of Hydrobiology of a Temple Tank of Udaipur for Assessing it's Trophic status for Fish Rearing. M.Sc. Thesis Submitted to RAU, Bikaner.
- Sinha R.K. 1992. Rotifer population of Ganga near Paba, Bihar (India) Proc. Nat. Acad. India-B, II: 313-332.
- Sunkad B.N. and Patil H.S. 2004. Water quality assessment of fort lake of Belgaum (Karnataka) with special reference to zooplankton. J. Environ Biol. 25(1):99-102.
- Khanna, D. R. 1993. Ecology and pollution of River Ganga. Ashish Pub. House. New Delhi, pp. 1-241.
- Khanna, D. R. and Bhutani, R. 2003. Limnological status of Sati Kund pond of Hardwar. Ind. J. Env. Sc. 7(2): 131-136
- Khanna and Bhutiani 2004. Laboratory manual of water and waste water treatment. Daya publishing house , New Delhi
- Kalff, J., 2002. Limnology: Inland water ecosystems, Prentice Hall publications. New Jersey, USA.
- Uttangi , J.C. 2001. Conservation and management strategy for the water fowls of minor irrigation tank habits and their importance as stopover site in Dharwad Dist. In: Hosetti and M. Venkateshwaralu (eds.), Trends in wild life and management. Daya publ. House, New Delhi, India, PP: 179-221.
- Zehra, A.K., and Altaff, K., 2002. Redescription of Mesocyclops aspericornis (Daday, 1906. Copepoda: Cyclopoida) from an Indian pond. Journal of Plankton Research. 24: 481-493. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/24.5.481
References
APHA 1998. Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Waterwaste. 20th ed., American Public Healt Association, American Water Works Association, Water Environmental Federation, Washington, D.C.
Ariyadej, C., Tansakul, R., Tansakul, P. and Angsupanich, S. 2004. Phytoplankton diversity and its relationships to the physico-chemical environment in the Banglang Reservoir, Yala Province. J. Sci. Technol., 26(5) : 595-607
Alam, A., and Khan, A.A., 1998. On the record of Cladoceran Leydigia acanthocericoides (Chydoridae) from Aligarh, Uttar pradesh, India. Journal of Bombay Natural History Society. 95(1): 143-144.
Anil Kumar, Seema Tripathi and P. Ghosh, 2004. Status of freshwater in 21 century: a review. In Water Pollution : Assessment and Management (Edited by) Arvind Kumar and G. Tripathi. Daya Publishers, Delhi , 520 p.
Baghela, B. S. 2006. Studies on Biodiversity, Survival and Density of Freshwater Zooplankton in Relation to Salinity changes. Ph.D. Thesis Submitted to M.L. Sukhadia University, Udaipur.
Battish, S.K., 1992. Freshwater Zooplankton of India. Oxford and IBM Publications.
Canfield T J and J.R. Jones.1996. Zooplankton abundance, biomass, and sizedistribution in selected midwestern waterbodies and relation with trophic state, J. Freshwat. Ecol. 11: 171–181. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.1996.9663476
Carter J C H, M.J. Dadswell, J.C. Roff and W.G. Sprules. 1980. Distribution and zoogeography of planktonic crustaceans and dipterans in glaciated eastern North America, Can. J. Zool. 58: 1355–1387. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/z80-188
Chakrabarty, R.D., Roy, P and Singh, S.B., 1959. A Quantitative study of the plankton and the physicochemical conditions of the river Jumna at Allahabad in 1954 -55. Indian Journal of Fisheries, 4(1).380-385.
Chauhan R. 1993. Seasonal fluctuation of zooplanktons in Renuka lake Himachal Pradesh. Uttar Pradesh J. Zool., 111(1): 17-20.
Das, S.K., 2002. Primary production and zooplankton biodiversity in brackish water shrimp culture pond. J. Ecobiol., 14(4): 267-271.
Dodson S.I. 1992. Predicting zooplankton species richness. Limnol. Oceanogr. 37:848–856. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1992.37.4.0848
Edmondson, W. T. 1992. Fresh Water Biology. IInd Ed. John Wiley and Sons. Inc. New York., 1248pp.
Gannon J.E. and R.S. Stemberger. 1978. Zooplankton (especially crustaceans and rotifers) as indicators of water quality, Trans. Am. Micros. Soc. 97:16–35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3225681
Hutchionson G.E. 1967. A treatise on limnology, Volume II. Introduction to lake biology and the limnoplankton. Wiley, New York. 1115 pp.
Jeppesen E, J.P. Jensen, M. Søndergaard, T.L. Lauridsen, L.J. Pedersen and L. Jensen. 1997. Top-down control in freshwater lakes: the role of nutrient state, submerged macrophytes and water depth. Hydrobiology 342/343:151–164. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017046130329
Joshep, B. and Yamakanamardi, M. S. 2011. Monthly changes in the Abundance and Biomass of Zooplankton and Water quality Parameter in Kukkarahalli Lake of Mysore, India. J. Environ. Bio. 32: 551-557.
Kaushal, D. K. and Sharma, V. K. 2007. Limnology and Productivity of Selected Reservoirs of Eastern Rajasthan. Proceedings of DAE-BRNS, National Symposium on Limnology.
Mahajan, C.L., 1981. Zooplankton as indicators for assessment of water pollution. Paper presented at WHO workshop on biological indicators and indices of environmental pollution.Cent.Bd.Prev.Cont.Poll/Osm.Univ, Hyderabad, India.
Michels E, K. Cottenie, L. Neys and L. De Meester . 2001. Zooplankton on the move: first results on the quantification of dispersal of zooplankton in a set of interconnected ponds. Hydrobiology 442:117–126. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017549416362
Pandey, B.N., Hussain, S., Jha, A.K., and Shyamanand, 2004. Seasonal fluctuation of zooplankton community in relation to certain parameters of river ramjan of kishanganj, Bihar. Nature, Environment and Pollution Technology, 3(3): 325-330.
Pandit, A., 1999. Trophic structure of plankton community in some typical wetlands of Kashmir, India. Limnological research in India, Daya publishing house. 190-224.
Ramteke, D.S., and Moghe, C.A., 1988. Manual on water and wastewater analysis. National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur.
Sharma, L.L., and Sarang, N., 2004. Physicochemical limnology and productivity of Jaisamand lake, Udaipur. Rajasthan. Poll.Res. 23(1): 87-92.
Sharma, L. L. 1980. Some Limnological Aspects of Udaipur Waters in Comparison to Selected Waters of Rajasthan Ph.D. thesis Submitted to University of Udaipur.
Solomon, I. J. J. 1994. Current Trends in Eutrophication of the Lakes Pichhola and Fatehsagar. M.Sc. Thesis Submitted to RAU, Bikaner.
Shekhawat, P. S. 1997. Some Aspects of Hydrobiology of a Temple Tank of Udaipur for Assessing it's Trophic status for Fish Rearing. M.Sc. Thesis Submitted to RAU, Bikaner.
Sinha R.K. 1992. Rotifer population of Ganga near Paba, Bihar (India) Proc. Nat. Acad. India-B, II: 313-332.
Sunkad B.N. and Patil H.S. 2004. Water quality assessment of fort lake of Belgaum (Karnataka) with special reference to zooplankton. J. Environ Biol. 25(1):99-102.
Khanna, D. R. 1993. Ecology and pollution of River Ganga. Ashish Pub. House. New Delhi, pp. 1-241.
Khanna, D. R. and Bhutani, R. 2003. Limnological status of Sati Kund pond of Hardwar. Ind. J. Env. Sc. 7(2): 131-136
Khanna and Bhutiani 2004. Laboratory manual of water and waste water treatment. Daya publishing house , New Delhi
Kalff, J., 2002. Limnology: Inland water ecosystems, Prentice Hall publications. New Jersey, USA.
Uttangi , J.C. 2001. Conservation and management strategy for the water fowls of minor irrigation tank habits and their importance as stopover site in Dharwad Dist. In: Hosetti and M. Venkateshwaralu (eds.), Trends in wild life and management. Daya publ. House, New Delhi, India, PP: 179-221.
Zehra, A.K., and Altaff, K., 2002. Redescription of Mesocyclops aspericornis (Daday, 1906. Copepoda: Cyclopoida) from an Indian pond. Journal of Plankton Research. 24: 481-493. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/24.5.481