Article Sidebar

Submitted
December 11, 2021
Accepted
February 21, 2022
Published
April 17, 2022
Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 36 Download : 34

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Main Article Content

Abstract

Historically, plants have been a source of herbal medicines and are used for treating various human ailments. Azadirachta indica, commonly known as neem, is a multipurpose tree with a wide range of health benefits. Various parts of neem tree have been shown to exhibit antimicrobial effects against a wide variety of microorganisms. The present study was carried out for screening of active components and antibacterial activity of leaves and bark extracts of A. indica. Ethanol and methanol extracts of leaves and bark of A. indica were tested against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria viz. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus. The agar well diffusion method was used for testing the antibacterial activity. Results revealed that methanol extract of bark and ethanolic extract of leaves exhibited significant antibacterial activity. Methanolic extract of bark of A. indica showed maximum antibacterial activity against B. cereus and K. pneumoniae (16 mm) followed by p. aeruginosa (15.6 mm), E. coli (15.3 mm) and least was found against S. aureus (15 mm). Whereas ethanolic extract of leaves exhibited maximum activity against P. aeruginosa (11.3 mm), followed by K. pneumoniae (11 mm), S. aureus (10.3 mm), E.coli (7 mm) and no activity was observed against B. cereus. Phytochemical screening of plant extracts gave positive results for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins.

Keywords

Active components Agar well diffusion Antibacterial activity Azadirachta indica Phytochemical screening

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

How to Cite
Gupta, A., & Thakur , S. . (2022). Evaluation of antibacterial activity and phytochemical investigation of Azadirachta indica L. against certain bacterial species. Environment Conservation Journal, 23(1&2), 265–271. https://doi.org/10.36953/ECJ.0211018-2228
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC

References

  1. Alipour, M., & Khanmohammadi, O. (2011). Antimicrobial activity of plant extracts against oral and skin pathogens. African journal of microbiology, 5(19), 2909-29011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5897/AJMR11.276
  2. Al-mariri, A., & Safi, M. (2014). In vitro antimicrobial activity of several plant extract and oils against some Gram -negative bacteria. Iranian Journal of Medical Science, 39(1), 36-43.
  3. Barreto, M., Critchley, A.T., & Straker, C.J. (2002). Extracts from seaweeds can promote fungal growth. Journal of Basic Microbiology, 42(5),302-310. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-4028(200210)42:5<302::AID-JOBM302>3.0.CO;2-6
  4. Buzayan, M. M., & E1-Garbulli, F.R. (2012). Antimicrobial activity of medicinal aqueous plant extract against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Malaysian journal of microbiology, 8(3), 03-206. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21161/mjm.04912
  5. Chaturvedi, M.P., Bag, A., Rawat, V., Jyala, N.S., Satyavali, V., & Jha, P.K.(2011). Antibacterial Effects of Azadirachta indica Leaf and Bark Extracts in Clinical Isolates of Diabetic Patients. Nat J Integ Res Med, 2, 5-9.
  6. Davies, J. (1994). Inactivation of antibiotics and the dissemination of resistant genes. Science. 264, 375-382. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.8153624
  7. Francine, U., Jeanette, U., & Pierre, R.J. (2015). Assessment of antibacterial activity of Neem plant (Azadirachta indica) on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. JMPS, 3(4), 85-91.
  8. Girish, K., & Shankar ,B.S. (2008).Neem- A Green Treasure. Electronic Journal of biology, 4(3), 102-111.
  9. Ibrahim, H. M., & Abu Salem, F. M. (2014). Antimicrobial activity of some medicinal plant extract. International Scholarly and Scientist Research &Innovation, 8(10), 1168-1173.
  10. Joshi, A., Bhobe, M., & sattarkar, A. (2013). Phytochemical investigation of the roots of Grewia microcos Linn.. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 5(7),80-87.
  11. Mahida, Y., & Mohan, J.S.S. (2006). Screening of Indian Plant extract of antimicrobial activity. Pharmaceutical Biology, 44(8), 627-631. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13880200600897551
  12. Maragathavalli, S., Brindha, S., Kaviyarsai., N. S., Annadurai, B., & Gargwar, S. K. (2012). Antimicrobial avtivity of leaf extract of neem (Azadirachta indica). International Journal of Science and Nature, 3(1), 110-113.
  13. Nigussie, D., Davie, G., Legesse, B.A., Fekadu, A., & Makonnen, E. (2021). Antibacterial activity of methanol extracts of the leaves of three medicinal plants against selected bacteria isolated from wounds of lymphoedema patients. BMC Complementary medicine and therapies m2, 1-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-020-03183-0
  14. Rajasekaran, C., Meignamam, E., Vijaykumar, V., kalaivani, T., Ramya, S., Premkumar, N., Siva, R., & Jayakumaraj, R (2008). Investigation on antibacterial activity of leaf extract of Azdirachata indica A. Juss (Mediaceae); A Traditional medicinal plant of India. Ethnobotanical leaflets, 12, 1213-1217.
  15. Singh, B., Ahamad, A., & Pal, V. (2015). Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity and Phytochemical Screening of Azadirachta indica Leaves Extracts Against Staphylococcus aureus. UK journal of pharmaceutical and biosciences, 3(4), 43-47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20510/ukjpb/3/i4/89468
  16. Shukla, S., Mehta, A., & Bajpai, V.K. (2013). Phytochemical Screening and Anthelmintic and Antifungal Activities of Leaf Extracts of Stevia rebaudiana. Journal of biological active products from nature, 1(3), 56-63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/22311866.2013.782695
  17. Sheel,R., Nisha, K., & Kumar, J (2014). Preliminary Phytochemical Screening of Methanolic Extract Of Clerodendron infortunatum. IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry, 7(1), 10-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.9790/5736-07121013