Main Article Content
Abstract
Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is an important short duration crop that adapts well to varied climatic conditions and is grown worldwide for food, feed and fodder purposes. Due to its lowest water and nutrient requirement, it has the potential for agriculture diversification. Nutritionally, proso millet grains are rich in proteins, vitamins, minerals, and micronutrients compared to other staple cereals. Recently the demand of the crop has increased due to its highly nutritious grains. Thus it has the potential to provide both food and nutritional security. Despite enormous potential, the crop has not gained the popularity among masses and is still considered as poor man’s food. This work therefore is an attempt to compile the merge information available on crop history, phylogeny, germplasm resources, and present status to make the crop comprehensive and revamp its cultivation.
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References
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- Bagdi, A.G., Balázs, J., Schmidt, M., Szatmári, R., Schoenlechner, E., Berghofer and Tömösközia, S. 2011. Protein characterization and nutrient composition of Hungarian proso millet varieties and the effect of decortication. ActaAlimentaria, 40: 128–141.
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- Bohle, Hirt, W., Nachbergauer, P., Ebner, H., Ebner, C. 2003. Allergy to mil-let :another risk for a topic bird keepers .Allergy 58: 325-328.
- Boivin, N., Fuller, D.Q. and Crowther, A. 2012. Old World globalization and the Columbian exchange: comparison and contrast. World Archaeol., 44: 452–469.
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- Chen, F.H., Dong, G.H., Zhang, D.J., Liu, X.Y., Jia,X., An, C.B. 2015. Agriculture facilitated permanent human occupation of the Tibetan Plateau after 3600 BP. Science 347: 248-250.
- Cho, Y.I., Chung, J.W., Lee, G.A., Ma, K..H., Dixit, A., Gwag, J.G. 2010. Development and characterization of twenty-five new polymorphic microsatellite markers in proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.). Genes Genomic, 32: 267–273.
- Cobley, L.S. 1976. An introduction to the botany of tropical crops. 2nd ed. Longman, London.
- Colosi, J.C. and Schaal, B.A. 1997. Wild proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) is genetically variable and distinct from crop varieties of proso millet. Weed Sci., 45: 509– 518.
- Demirbas, A., 2005. Glucan and mineral nutrient contents of cereals grown in Turkey. Food Chemistry, 90 :773-777.
- Dendy, D.A.V. 1995. Sorghum and Millets: Chemistry and Technology, AACC, St.Paul, Minesota,406 pp
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- Geervani, P, Eggum, B.O. 1989. Nutrient composition and protein quality of minor millets. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 39: 201-208.
- Gomeshe, S.S. 2017. Proso millet, (Panicum miliaceum (L.): genetic improvement and research needs, in: J.V. Patil (Ed.), Millets and Sorghum. Biology and Genetic Improvement, John Wiley & Sons, pp. 150–179.
- Gowda, J., Halswamy, B.H., Somu, G., Krishnappa, M., Vasanth, K.R., Sennappa, K., Seetharam, A. 2003. Evaluation of proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) germplasm. Project coordination cell, All India Coordinated Small Millet Improvement Project, University of Agriculture sciences Bengaluru, 39 pp
- Goron, T.L. and Raizada, M.N. 2015. Genetic diversity and genomic resources available for the small millet crops to accelerate a New Green Revolution. Front. Plant Sci., 6:157.
- Guedes, J.D.A., Bocinsky, R.K., and Butler, E.E. 2015a. Comment on “Agriculture facilitated permanent human occupation of the Tibetan Plateau after 3600 BP.” Science, 348, 872. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa4819.
- Guedes, J.D.A., Lu, H., Li, Y., Spengler, R.N., Wu, X., and Aldenderfer, M.S. 2014. Moving agriculture onto the Tibetan plateau: the archaeobotanical evidence. Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci., 6: 255–269.
References
Amadou, I., Gounga, M.E. and Le, G.W. 2013. Millets: nutritional composition, some health benefits and processing-A review. Emirates J. Food Agric., 25: 501–508. doi: 10.9755/ejfa.v25i7.12045
Bagdi, A.G., Balázs, J., Schmidt, M., Szatmári, R., Schoenlechner, E., Berghofer and Tömösközia, S. 2011. Protein characterization and nutrient composition of Hungarian proso millet varieties and the effect of decortication. ActaAlimentaria, 40: 128–141.
Baltensperger, D.D. 2002. “Progress with proso, pearl and other millets,” in Trends in New Crops and New Uses, edsJ. Janick and A. Whipkey (Alexandria: ASHS Press), 100–103.
Baltensperger, D.D., Lyon, D.J., Anderson, R., Holman, T., Stymieste, C., Shanahan, J., 1995a. EC95-137 Producing and Marketing Proso Millet in the High Plains. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension, 709.
Bettinger, R.L., Barton, L., Morgan, C., Chen, F., Wang, H., Guilderson, T.P. 2010b. The transition to agriculture at Dadiwan, People’s Republic of China. Curr. Anthropol., 51: 703–714.
Bettinger, R.L., Barton, L., Richerson, P.J., Boyd, R., Wang, H. and Choi, W. 2007. The transition to agriculture in northwestern China. Dev. Quat. Sci., 9: 83–101.
Bohle, Hirt, W., Nachbergauer, P., Ebner, H., Ebner, C. 2003. Allergy to mil-let :another risk for a topic bird keepers .Allergy 58: 325-328.
Boivin, N., Fuller, D.Q. and Crowther, A. 2012. Old World globalization and the Columbian exchange: comparison and contrast. World Archaeol., 44: 452–469.
Bough, M., Colosi, J.C., Cavers, P.B. 1986. The major weed biotypes of proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) in Canada. Canadian Journal of Botany, 64: 1188-1198.
Candolle, A. 1964. Origin of cultivated plants. p. 376-377. Hafner Pub, New York.
Cardenas, A., Nelson L. and Neild, R. 1983. Phenological stages of proso millet. MP45. Univ. Nebraska, Lincoln.
Ceccarelli, S. and Grando, S. 1996. Drought as a challenge for the plant breeder. Plant Growth Regul. 20, 149–155. doi: 10.1007/BF00024011 CFC and ICRISAT (2004). “Alternative uses of sorghum and pearl millet in Asia,”
in Proceedings of the Expert Meeting, ICRISAT, Ptanacheru, Andhra Pradesh, India, 1-4July 2003: CFC Technical paper no. 34, Amsternam: Common Fund for Commodities), 364.
Changmei, S. and Dorothy, J. 2014. Millet-the frugal grain. Int. J. Sci. Res. Rev., 3: 75–90.
Changsong, Z., Leiting, L., Daisuke, M., Delin, L., Qiming, T., Lihong, X., Santosh, R., Ping Deng, Li, P., Wei, J., Ru, H., Meiling Z, Yidan S, Jiamin H, Xing F,Patrick S. Schnable, Yuxiao Chang, Feng Li, Hui Zhang, BailiFeng,Xinguang Zhu, Renyi Liu, James, C. Schnable , JianKang Zhu and Heng Zhang, 2019. The genome of broomcorn millet, Nature Communications, 10:436,
Chen, F.H., Dong, G.H., Zhang, D.J., Liu, X.Y., Jia,X., An, C.B. 2015. Agriculture facilitated permanent human occupation of the Tibetan Plateau after 3600 BP. Science 347: 248-250.
Cho, Y.I., Chung, J.W., Lee, G.A., Ma, K..H., Dixit, A., Gwag, J.G. 2010. Development and characterization of twenty-five new polymorphic microsatellite markers in proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.). Genes Genomic, 32: 267–273.
Cobley, L.S. 1976. An introduction to the botany of tropical crops. 2nd ed. Longman, London.
Colosi, J.C. and Schaal, B.A. 1997. Wild proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) is genetically variable and distinct from crop varieties of proso millet. Weed Sci., 45: 509– 518.
Demirbas, A., 2005. Glucan and mineral nutrient contents of cereals grown in Turkey. Food Chemistry, 90 :773-777.
Dendy, D.A.V. 1995. Sorghum and Millets: Chemistry and Technology, AACC, St.Paul, Minesota,406 pp
Dvo?ráková, Z., Cepková, P.H., Janovská, D., Viehmannová, I., Svobodová, E., Cusimamani, E.F. 2015. Comparative analysis of genetic diversity of 8 millet genera revealed by ISSR markers. Emirates J. Food Agric., 27, 617–628. doi:10.9755/ejfa.2015.04.077
Dwivedi, S. H. Upadhyaya, H. Senthilvel, S. Hash, C. Fukunaga, K. Diao, X. Santra, D. K. Baltensperger D. and Prasad, M. (2012) “Millets: Genetic and Genomic Resources,” Plant Breeding Review, 6: 247-375.
Geervani, P, Eggum, B.O. 1989. Nutrient composition and protein quality of minor millets. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 39: 201-208.
Gomeshe, S.S. 2017. Proso millet, (Panicum miliaceum (L.): genetic improvement and research needs, in: J.V. Patil (Ed.), Millets and Sorghum. Biology and Genetic Improvement, John Wiley & Sons, pp. 150–179.
Gowda, J., Halswamy, B.H., Somu, G., Krishnappa, M., Vasanth, K.R., Sennappa, K., Seetharam, A. 2003. Evaluation of proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) germplasm. Project coordination cell, All India Coordinated Small Millet Improvement Project, University of Agriculture sciences Bengaluru, 39 pp
Goron, T.L. and Raizada, M.N. 2015. Genetic diversity and genomic resources available for the small millet crops to accelerate a New Green Revolution. Front. Plant Sci., 6:157.
Guedes, J.D.A., Bocinsky, R.K., and Butler, E.E. 2015a. Comment on “Agriculture facilitated permanent human occupation of the Tibetan Plateau after 3600 BP.” Science, 348, 872. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa4819.
Guedes, J.D.A., Lu, H., Li, Y., Spengler, R.N., Wu, X., and Aldenderfer, M.S. 2014. Moving agriculture onto the Tibetan plateau: the archaeobotanical evidence. Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci., 6: 255–269.